Philosophy; Heidegger's fundamental ontology

(a) What does Heidegger mean by ‘ontology’? What is the subject-matter of this discipline? What sorts of things get included? Excluded?

Martin Heidegger clearly refers to ontology as the Being as such. Hence ontology is said to be an inquiry into the very basis, the very unity of the different ontological categories. Thus this fundament or unity is to be realized in an analysis of the very important futures of a human being. Moreover it’s clear that the human being is the unifying fundament of fundamental ontology hence the subject matter of this discipline. Thus the following fundamental material contents are included in the work of the philosopher: The extensive elaboration of the thematic field which include the fundamental determination of intentionality, The immanent critique of phenomenological research which is given as a critical discussion of the four determinations of pure consciousness, the exposition of the neglect of the question of the being of the intentional as the basic field of phenomenological research and the exposition of the neglect of the question of the sense of being itself and of the being of man in phenomenology (Heidegger 1985)

(b) What is the methodology according to which Heidegger thinks ontological investigation must be pursued? How does it compare with the method put forward by Brentano and Husserl? In what sense is it phenomenological?

(c) What does Heidegger think is the relationship between the subject-matter of ontology, on the one hand, and the subject-matter of Brentano’s psychology and Husserl’s phenomenology, on the other? What does Heidegger think is lacking in these previous attempts at first philosophy? Why does Heidegger think that ontology is the most fundamental discipline?

(d) Are there any obstacles that Heidegger recognizes will need to be overcome in order for ontology to be successful? Are there further obstacles that you think Heidegger will have to deal with?

Martin H. “History of the concept of time”, Indiana university press; Bloomington. 1985

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