Author: chris

Select a fairly new/recent product of your choice (either one that you have bought, or just know about). Briefly describe the product in a few sentences.

 

1. Discuss how the product reflects 2 of the macroenvironmental factors/trends found in Chapter 3 (found in the attached pdf in case you don’t have the book yet).

 

2. Additionally, explain how important you feel that these 2 trends are, and why they may be long-lasting.

 

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*Your work should be approximately 2 pages, double-spaced. Copy and paste each question and place your answer beneath each. Please remember to use PDF format ONLY, and upload it directly onto this assignment page. You will be graded on the thoroughness and creativity of your work.

 

 

Discussion 1

Employer Liability for Negligent Hiring

Read Malorney  v. B&L Motor Freight, Inc. in Section 21.2 of your textbook. Discuss what duty or duties a business has with regard to checking the background of potential employees before hiring.  Do you agree that businesses should be liable for injuries resulting from negligent hiring? Why or why not?

 

Discussion 2

Discrimination

Not all discrimination is prohibited by law. For example, employers routinely discriminate between potential employees based upon education or experience. Other types of discrimination are more subtle, but still legal. For example, some employers discriminate between potential employees based upon personal characteristics such as weight or attractiveness. Should employers be permitted to discriminate based upon attractiveness? Take a side and argue that an employer should or should not be permitted by law to discriminate against persons who are not attractive.

Text Book

Seaquist, G. (2012). Business law for managers.  San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint Education, Inc.

 

 

ARTICLE FOR DISCUSSION 1

21.2 Respondeat Superior and Negligent Hiring

If the employee is in fact working for the employer, and is working “within the scope of employment,” then the employer will be liable to third parties for the torts of his or her employee under the doctrine of respondeat superior. In addition, an employer may also be liable to third parties under another theory: that of negligent hiring. In these cases, the employee does not necessarily commit a tort, but rather may engage in activity that is tortuous or criminal. The theory of liability is based on the argument that the employer knew or should have known that the employee was somehow dangerous or incompetent when hired, and thus, the employer should be held responsible. Those concepts are illustrated in the case that follows.

Cases to Consider: Malorney v. B&L Motor Freight, Inc.

Malorney v. B&L Motor Freight, Inc., 146 Ill. App.3d 265, 496 N.E.2d 1086 (1986)

Edward Harbour applied for a position of over-the-road driver with defendant B&L. On the employment application, Harbour was questioned as to whether he had any vehicular offenses or other criminal convictions. His response to the vehicular question was verified by B&L; however, his negative answer regarding criminal convictions was not verified by B&L. In fact, Harbour had a history of convictions for violent sex-related crimes and had been arrested the year prior to his employment with B&L for aggravated sodomy of two teenage hitchhikers while driving an over-the-road truck for another employer. Upon being hired by B&L, Harbour was given written instructions and regulations, including a prohibition against picking up hitchhikers in a B&L truck.

Subsequently, on January 24, 1978, at an Indiana toll-road plaza, Harbour picked up plaintiff Karen Malorney, a 17-year-old hitchhiker. In the sleeping compartmen f his truck, he repeatedly raped and sexually assaulted plaintiff, threatened to kill her, and viciously beat her. After being released, plaintiff notified police. Harbour was arrested, convicted, and sentenced to 50 years with no parole.

Plaintiff’s complaint charges defendant B&L with recklessness and willful and wanton misconduct in negligently hiring Harbour as an over-the-road driver without adequately checking his background and providing him a vehicle with a sleeping compartment. Plaintiff seeks compensatory and punitive damages from B&L.

Defendant B&L filed a motion for summary judgment contending that it had no duty to verify Harbour’s negative response to the question regarding criminal convictions. In denying defendant’s motion, the trial court found that (1) Harbour was hired as an over-the-road driver and furnished with a truck equipped with sleeping quarters; (2) B&L instructed Harbour not to pick up hitchhikers; and (3) it is common knowledge that hitchhikers frequent toll plazas which would show that B&L knew drivers are prone to give rides to hitchhikers. The court concluded that these facts show that B&L had a duty to check Harbour’s criminal background and certified the issue for interlocutory appeal.

 

 

Defendant argues that it had no duty to investigate Harbour’s non vehicular criminal background nor to verify his denial thereof because of a lack of foreseeability that he would use the truck to pick up and sexually assault a hitchhiker. To impose such a duty would be against public policy by placing too great a burden on employers. On the other hand, plaintiff posits the argument that factual issues exist which preclude summary judgment and require a jury determination. We agree and must affirm the trial court for the following reasons. Defendant correctly argues that the existence of a duty is a question of law to be determined by the court, rather than by the factfinder. However, once a duty has been found, the question of whether the duty was properly performed is a fact question to be decided by the trier of fact, whether court or jury.

The existence of a legal duty is not dependent on foreseeability alone, but includes considerations of public policy and social requirements. In Illinois, two duties, among others not pertinent here, are imposed by law on owners of vehicles who permit or hire other persons to drive on our highways. The first duty requires that the degree of care which an owner should exercise in selecting a driver is that which a reasonable person would exercise under the circumstances. An owner or employer also owes a duty in connection with the entrustment of vehicles to others. In other words, a vehicle owner has a duty to deny the entrustment of a vehicle to a driver it knows, or by the exercise of reasonable diligence could have known, is incompetent. In addition to these duties, it is well settled in Illinois that a cause of action exists against an employer for negligently hiring a person the employer knew, or should have known, was unfit for the job.

B&L contends that a reasonable and prudent motor carrier could not foresee that one of its drivers would rape and assault a hitchhiker. The court in Neering v. Illinois Central R.R. Co. in discussing foreseeability stated that the ultimate injury must be the natural and probable result of the negligent act or omission such that an ordinary and prudent person ought to have foreseen as likely its occurrence as a result of the negligence. It is not essential that one should have foreseen the precise injury which resulted from the act or omission. This interpretation thus requires an employer to exercise that degree of care reasonably commensurate with the perils and hazards likely to be encountered in the performance of an employee’s duty, i.e., such care as a reasonably prudent person would exercise in view of the consequences that might reasonably be expected to result if an incompetent, careless, or reckless agent were employed for a particular duty.

Applying these principles to the present case, it is clear that B&L had a duty to entrust its truck to a competent employee fit to drive an over-the-road truck equipped with a sleeping compartment. Lack of forethought may exist where one remains in voluntary ignorance of facts concerning the danger in a particular act or instrumentality, where a reasonably prudent person would become advised, on the theory that such ignorance is the equivalent of negligence. Bearing in mind the facts that B&L gave Harbour an over-the-road vehicle with a sleeping compartment and that B&L probably knew, or should have known, that truckers are prone to give rides to hitchhikers despite rules against such actions, the question now becomes one of fact—whether B&L breached its duty to hire a competent driver who was to be entrusted with a B&L over-the-road truck.

Regarding defendant’s public-policy argument, there is no evidence in the record to justify the contention that the cost of checking on the criminal history of all truck-driver applicants is too expensive and burdensome when measured against the potential utility of doing so. Finally, we note that a question of foreseeability is at times a question for the court and at times, if varying inferences are possible, a question for the jury. In the present case, B&L did have a duty to check into Harbour’s background so as to ascertain whether he would be a fit employee. Based on the circumstances of this case, it is apparent that reasonable persons could arrive at different conclusions as to whether B&L used due care in the performance of this duty when it employed Harbour. Questions which are composed of such qualities sufficient to cause reasonable persons to arrive at different results should never be determined as matters of law. Questions of negligence, due care, and proximate cause are questions of fact to be determined by the factfinder.

 

In affirming the trial court’s denial of summary judgment, we are not expressing any opinion as to the resolution of the facts in this case. Plaintiff has the heavy burden of proving that defendant B&L negligently performed a duty it owed her in entrusting Harbour with an over-the-road truck, and if negligence is found, that it proximately caused her injury. These questions, including the issue of whether defendant negligently hired Harbour by not checking his criminal background, are questions for the trier of fact and become a question of law only when the ultimate facts have been determined by the factfinder.

1. 5-S Guidelines

Review the 5-S Guidelines provided in Chapter 8. Using your desktop, a coffee table, or other small area, attempt to “5-S” that area. In 200-250 words, discuss some of the challenges you faced when trying to implement 5-S and ways you overcame them

 

2. Third Party Supplier Relationship Management (3 P.L. S.M.S.)

Read the Forbes article, “Risky Business, High Payoffs.” Based on the content presented in the article, what is the value to the company and the supplier in developing and implementing a Third Party Supplier Relationship Management System (3 P.L.S.M.S.)? How can such a system provide greater efficiency? In 200-250 words, describe the value to the organization

Discussion 1

Employer Liability for Negligent Hiring

Read Malorney  v. B&L Motor Freight, Inc. in Section 21.2 of your textbook. Discuss what duty or duties a business has with regard to checking the background of potential employees before hiring.  Do you agree that businesses should be liable for injuries resulting from negligent hiring? Why or why not?

 

Discussion 2

Discrimination

Not all discrimination is prohibited by law. For example, employers routinely discriminate between potential employees based upon education or experience. Other types of discrimination are more subtle, but still legal. For example, some employers discriminate between potential employees based upon personal characteristics such as weight or attractiveness. Should employers be permitted to discriminate based upon attractiveness? Take a side and argue that an employer should or should not be permitted by law to discriminate against persons who are not attractive.

Text Book

Seaquist, G. (2012). Business law for managers.  San Diego, CA: Bridgepoint Education, Inc.

 

 

ARTICLE FOR DISCUSSION 1

21.2 Respondeat Superior and Negligent Hiring

If the employee is in fact working for the employer, and is working “within the scope of employment,” then the employer will be liable to third parties for the torts of his or her employee under the doctrine of respondeat superior. In addition, an employer may also be liable to third parties under another theory: that of negligent hiring. In these cases, the employee does not necessarily commit a tort, but rather may engage in activity that is tortuous or criminal. The theory of liability is based on the argument that the employer knew or should have known that the employee was somehow dangerous or incompetent when hired, and thus, the employer should be held responsible. Those concepts are illustrated in the case that follows.

Cases to Consider: Malorney v. B&L Motor Freight, Inc.

Malorney v. B&L Motor Freight, Inc., 146 Ill. App.3d 265, 496 N.E.2d 1086 (1986)

Edward Harbour applied for a position of over-the-road driver with defendant B&L. On the employment application, Harbour was questioned as to whether he had any vehicular offenses or other criminal convictions. His response to the vehicular question was verified by B&L; however, his negative answer regarding criminal convictions was not verified by B&L. In fact, Harbour had a history of convictions for violent sex-related crimes and had been arrested the year prior to his employment with B&L for aggravated sodomy of two teenage hitchhikers while driving an over-the-road truck for another employer. Upon being hired by B&L, Harbour was given written instructions and regulations, including a prohibition against picking up hitchhikers in a B&L truck.

Subsequently, on January 24, 1978, at an Indiana toll-road plaza, Harbour picked up plaintiff Karen Malorney, a 17-year-old hitchhiker. In the sleeping compartmen f his truck, he repeatedly raped and sexually assaulted plaintiff, threatened to kill her, and viciously beat her. After being released, plaintiff notified police. Harbour was arrested, convicted, and sentenced to 50 years with no parole.

Plaintiff’s complaint charges defendant B&L with recklessness and willful and wanton misconduct in negligently hiring Harbour as an over-the-road driver without adequately checking his background and providing him a vehicle with a sleeping compartment. Plaintiff seeks compensatory and punitive damages from B&L.

Defendant B&L filed a motion for summary judgment contending that it had no duty to verify Harbour’s negative response to the question regarding criminal convictions. In denying defendant’s motion, the trial court found that (1) Harbour was hired as an over-the-road driver and furnished with a truck equipped with sleeping quarters; (2) B&L instructed Harbour not to pick up hitchhikers; and (3) it is common knowledge that hitchhikers frequent toll plazas which would show that B&L knew drivers are prone to give rides to hitchhikers. The court concluded that these facts show that B&L had a duty to check Harbour’s criminal background and certified the issue for interlocutory appeal.

 

 

Defendant argues that it had no duty to investigate Harbour’s non vehicular criminal background nor to verify his denial thereof because of a lack of foreseeability that he would use the truck to pick up and sexually assault a hitchhiker. To impose such a duty would be against public policy by placing too great a burden on employers. On the other hand, plaintiff posits the argument that factual issues exist which preclude summary judgment and require a jury determination. We agree and must affirm the trial court for the following reasons. Defendant correctly argues that the existence of a duty is a question of law to be determined by the court, rather than by the factfinder. However, once a duty has been found, the question of whether the duty was properly performed is a fact question to be decided by the trier of fact, whether court or jury.

The existence of a legal duty is not dependent on foreseeability alone, but includes considerations of public policy and social requirements. In Illinois, two duties, among others not pertinent here, are imposed by law on owners of vehicles who permit or hire other persons to drive on our highways. The first duty requires that the degree of care which an owner should exercise in selecting a driver is that which a reasonable person would exercise under the circumstances. An owner or employer also owes a duty in connection with the entrustment of vehicles to others. In other words, a vehicle owner has a duty to deny the entrustment of a vehicle to a driver it knows, or by the exercise of reasonable diligence could have known, is incompetent. In addition to these duties, it is well settled in Illinois that a cause of action exists against an employer for negligently hiring a person the employer knew, or should have known, was unfit for the job.

B&L contends that a reasonable and prudent motor carrier could not foresee that one of its drivers would rape and assault a hitchhiker. The court in Neering v. Illinois Central R.R. Co. in discussing foreseeability stated that the ultimate injury must be the natural and probable result of the negligent act or omission such that an ordinary and prudent person ought to have foreseen as likely its occurrence as a result of the negligence. It is not essential that one should have foreseen the precise injury which resulted from the act or omission. This interpretation thus requires an employer to exercise that degree of care reasonably commensurate with the perils and hazards likely to be encountered in the performance of an employee’s duty, i.e., such care as a reasonably prudent person would exercise in view of the consequences that might reasonably be expected to result if an incompetent, careless, or reckless agent were employed for a particular duty.

Applying these principles to the present case, it is clear that B&L had a duty to entrust its truck to a competent employee fit to drive an over-the-road truck equipped with a sleeping compartment. Lack of forethought may exist where one remains in voluntary ignorance of facts concerning the danger in a particular act or instrumentality, where a reasonably prudent person would become advised, on the theory that such ignorance is the equivalent of negligence. Bearing in mind the facts that B&L gave Harbour an over-the-road vehicle with a sleeping compartment and that B&L probably knew, or should have known, that truckers are prone to give rides to hitchhikers despite rules against such actions, the question now becomes one of fact—whether B&L breached its duty to hire a competent driver who was to be entrusted with a B&L over-the-road truck.

Regarding defendant’s public-policy argument, there is no evidence in the record to justify the contention that the cost of checking on the criminal history of all truck-driver applicants is too expensive and burdensome when measured against the potential utility of doing so. Finally, we note that a question of foreseeability is at times a question for the court and at times, if varying inferences are possible, a question for the jury. In the present case, B&L did have a duty to check into Harbour’s background so as to ascertain whether he would be a fit employee. Based on the circumstances of this case, it is apparent that reasonable persons could arrive at different conclusions as to whether B&L used due care in the performance of this duty when it employed Harbour. Questions which are composed of such qualities sufficient to cause reasonable persons to arrive at different results should never be determined as matters of law. Questions of negligence, due care, and proximate cause are questions of fact to be determined by the factfinder.

 

In affirming the trial court’s denial of summary judgment, we are not expressing any opinion as to the resolution of the facts in this case. Plaintiff has the heavy burden of proving that defendant B&L negligently performed a duty it owed her in entrusting Harbour with an over-the-road truck, and if negligence is found, that it proximately caused her injury. These questions, including the issue of whether defendant negligently hired Harbour by not checking his criminal background, are questions for the trier of fact and become a question of law only when the ultimate facts have been determined by the factfinder.

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR DISCUSSIONS: Your contributions should be thoughtful and developed. Answer all parts of the question and use concepts from the course materials. Use a professional style of communication, with attention to grammar, spelling, and typos; cite your sources.

Unless your instructor specifies otherwise, choose THREE of the following questions, and give a substantive response to at least two other students.

ANSWER THREE.

1. CELEBRATE YOUR OWN LEARNING. Please identify and share one of the most meaningful insights you obtained from the course. This insight must be strictly about you.

2. CELEBRATE THE ARTISTIC EXPRESSIONS OF OTHERS. From the many artistic expressions provided in the course (paintings, photographs, videos, links, etc.), choose one that identifies a meaningful experience in the course. Explain why you chose that object and why it is meaningful. If possible, paste a copy or the link. Imagine that your choice will become a part of a Course Album of Meaningful Objects and your choice will be your contribution to the album.

3. CELEBRATE YOUR LEARNING ACCOMPLISHMENTS WITH YOUR FELLOW STUDENTS. What would you tell them about your experience together? What would you say to encourage them to continue their exploration of the humanities?

4. PERSONAL GROWTH. Paraphrasing Einstein, a person cannot grow remaining static—it takes new ideas, fresh thoughts and inspiration to bring about transformation. This is why the humanities are important. Where do you see the humanities helping you grow as a wholesome person?

5. “DEAR JOHN…” Write a letter to a friend about the course. In 150-300 words, tell your friend why you think the course would be valuable and personally enriching D escribe what you think they would learn from taking the course, and evaluate any aspect of the course that you think would be most relevant to your friend.

Leading Auto Company was established in 1920.  From its founding days, the company has built its reputation on producing quality vehicles at an affordable price.  The company currently employs 20,000 staff members worldwide.   In the past, Leading Auto Company’s staff turnover rate was at 40%.  The company implemented a staff development program that will help create advancement opportunities for employees, as well as improve job skills.  Over the years, they have been able to geographically target their market and measure their demand.
In their last financial reports, Leading Auto Company achieved a 30% increase in revenue over their competitors.  However, in order to remain marketable against their competitors, more attention should be focused on technology and environmentally-friendly  vehicles.   The government is considering assessing additional fines to automobile companies who do not follow strict environmentally-friendly guidelines when manufacturing cars.
Competition for Leading Auto Company, Inc. is very aggressive because their competitors include large conglomerates like Ford, GM and Toyota.  Due to the 2009 automobile manufacturer’s bailout the company’s brand image declined among its customers and they experienced an all time low customer satisfaction rating.  Leading Auto Company began an aggressive marketing campaign to win back their customers.  They implemented a 60 month interest-free financing program.  In 2010, the company diversified their services by partnering with major loan companies that provide both auto and home financing and insurance.  Other programs Leading Auto Company developed and implemented included an extended warranty program that increased warranty to 100,000 miles, and a trade-in program giving customers a $5,000 buy-back on any vehicle they trade-in regardless of vehicle’s condition.
After the bailout, a number of dealerships were forced to close due to the franchise structure of the company.  To help overcome this challenge, Leading Auto Company implemented a dealer scorecard to track performance and personal-based approach towards customers.
Assignment:
Conduct a S.W.O.T. analysis on Leading Auto Company;
In a minimum of 500 words, describe how Leading Auto Company can utilize this information to its benefit. Include how Leading Auto Company can turn its weaknesses and threats into strengths and opportunities.
The requirements below must be met for your paper to be accepted and graded:
Write between 500 – 750 words (approximately 2 – 3 pages) using Microsoft Word.
Attempt APA style, see example below.
Use font size 12 and 1” margins.
Include cover page and reference page.
Reference material (data, dates, graphs, quotes, paraphrased words, values, etc.) must come from sources such as, scholarly journals found in EBSCOhost, online newspapers such as The Wall Street Journal, government websites, etc.  Sources such as Wikis, Yahoo Answers, eHow, blogs, etc. are not acceptable.

Assignment #2

BCG Matrix
Research a company of your choice and determine which of the four quadrants of the BCG Matrix you feel it fits into. Justify your response using information about the company. Your paper should be a minimum of 500 words.
The requirements below must be met for your paper to be accepted and graded:
Write between 500 – 750 words (approximately 2 – 3 pages) using Microsoft Word.
Attempt APA style, see example below.
Use font size 12 and 1” margins.
Include cover page and reference page.
Reference material (data, dates, graphs, quotes, paraphrased words, values, etc.) must come from sources such as, scholarly journals found in EBSCOhost, online newspapers such as The Wall Street Journal, government websites, etc.  Sources such as Wikis, Yahoo Answers, eHow, blogs, etc. are not acceptable.
Assignment #3

Motivation
Research and discuss the basic theories of motivation as well as a description of what they are.
The requirements below must be met for your paper to be accepted and graded:
Write between 500 – 750 words (approximately 2 – 3 pages) using Microsoft Word.
Attempt APA style, see example below.
Use font size 12 and 1” margins.
Include cover page and reference page.
Reference material (data, dates, graphs, quotes, paraphrased words, values, etc.) must be identified in the paper and listed on a reference page.Reference material (data, dates, graphs, quotes, paraphrased words, values, etc.) must come from sources such as, scholarly journals found in EBSCOhost, online newspapers such as The Wall Street Journal, government websites, etc.  Sources such as Wikis, Yahoo Answers, eHow, etc. are not acceptable.

Assignment #4
Organizational Change

Research and discuss what organizational change is and why being able to manage it is important. Also, list and discuss some ways managers can help their employees deal with change.
The requirements below must be met for your paper to be accepted and graded:

Write between 500 – 750 words (approximately 2 – 3 pages) using Microsoft Word.
Attempt APA style, see example below.
Use font size 12 and 1” margins.
Include cover page and reference page
Reference material (data, dates, graphs, quotes, paraphrased words, values, etc.) must be identified in the paper and listed on a reference page.Reference material (data, dates, graphs, quotes, paraphrased words, values, etc.) must come from sources such as, scholarly journals found in EBSCOhost, online newspapers such as The Wall Street Journal, government websites, etc.  Sources such as Wikis, Yahoo Answers, eHow, etc. are not acceptable.

http://franchiselawyer.com/overview-of-franchising
http://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/franchise
Read assigned materials above and respond to the questions below.

1. What are 2 primary advantages of a franchise and why?

2. What are 2 primary disadvantages of a franchise and why?

A researcher wants to investigate whether college students’ knowledge of the negative consequences of the overuse of credit will affect their attitudes about credit use. He plans to recruit one family studies class of 30 students from a local college campus (already enrolled in one class) and measure their attitudes toward credit with an attitude scale. Then, on four successive days, the researcher will teach them four lessons on the consequences of the overuse of credit: wage garnishment, repossession, foreclosure, and bankruptcy. On the fifth day, the researcher will administer an alternate form of the credit attitude scale (one intended to measure the same attitude). Then, he will try to infer whether college students’ knowledge of the negative consequences of the overuse of credit affects their attitudes about credit use.

What is the independent variable and what is the treatment that the researcher will use to manipulate that variable?
The credit usage is an independent variable. The researcher aims at teaching the students to realize the consequences ventured into due to overuse of credit. Therefore, through imparting knowledge and measuring their attitude will tend to manipulate on the credit usage but credit as an independent variable remains to be credit.

What is the dependent variable in this study?
Students’ attitude is a dependent variable. The researcher uses the credit attitude measurement scale to find changes impacted to students by overuse of the credit.

What type of research design is this researcher planning to use? Diagram it.
The researcher plans to use Experimental research design as it uses both the independent and dependent variables. The variablesbecome the inputs and the outputs of the research study in the college.

Independent Condition A influences Dependent
Variable Condition B Variable

State the most likely alternative hypothesis of this researcher.
The alternative hypothesis of the researcher was to prove that students’ knowledge of the adverse consequences of the overuse of credit will affect their attitudes about credit use.

What are the most important threats to the internal validity of the study? (Give an example of each threat in the language of the research problem.)
Theprobeof an instrument used to whether measures accurately or not. For example, the credit attitudes scale.
The use of single sampling method in a college to do the research. For example, the researcher uses a family of 30 students enrolled in the same class in a large population.
What two threats to internal validity are involved in this researcher’s plan to use an alternate form of the credit attitude scale? What is the trade-off?
Poor and inaccurate results might be measured thus a threat to the validity of the study.
Time taken might vary once an alternate form to administer is used and thus cause a threat to the study results in the measurement process.
The trade off in the research study is the usage of the actual credit scale in comparison to the alternate form of measurement as it provides quality feedback and on time results analysis.

Briefly describe the analysis this researcher would use to answer his research question (i.e., what would he compare to what?)
The researcher will examine the student’s knowledge of the consequences of the standard usage of credit with that of overuse before their attitude is affected. In regards to the teaching lessons the researcher would offer to the students aiming at validating the research question. Also, the use of credit attitude scales in comparison with the alternate form of attitude scale measurement to verify his problem in research.

Suppose that instead of the design described, the researcher randomly assigned each of the 30 students to two groups. Suppose he did everything the same as before, except a teacher took one group of students on a field trip each of the four “treatment” days during their family studies class to a local historical site.

What type of research design is he now using? Diagram it.
He is using Randomized Blocked Design i.eStratified random sampling research designthat assigns a given sample into two groups thus research study will be conducted to reduce variance in the data or noise.
Its diagram is seen to have relative homogenous subgroups then implementation of experimental design study. Therefore, the randomized block design will be more efficient in estimates across the entire sample.

Does this design now have a classic “placebo” control group?
Yes, it has a classic placebo since there won’t be a change of behavior in the two different groups randomly assigned in the research study. The researcher will be able to get precise results in the two groups.

Compare and contrast these two research designs’ internal and external validity.
In Experimental research design, there is a total lack of control as compared to the Stratified research design that has subgroup and controlled, hence can secure valid evidence and data required in their treatment as they interact.
The tendency of having errors of misplaced precision on Experimental research due to a tedious collection of data in the sample as compared to the stratified research that has exact subgroup to test.
Both research design needs an instrument that are internally used to verify the results when analyzing and answering the question in a research study.
Both have to use time as a factor in the research study when answering the question at hand.

A research team wants to study the effect of handbag advertising on women’s choice of handbags. They are concerned about the potential effects of the women having any clue before the ads are shown about the content of the study (particularly the treatment). They randomly assign 100 women (19-22 years old) to four groups. They ask two groups of women to choose a handbag from a group of four handbags before the treatment. Two other groups will not be asked initially about their handbag choices. Of the first two groups, one group will be shown a television program containing 40-second handbag ads on one of the handbags and the other group will be shown the program without ads. Of the last two groups, one group will see the program with the ads and the other group without the ads. Then, each woman will be asked to choose a handbag from a set of four possible handbags (including the one in the ads). Then, the researchers will try to infer whether women shown the handbag advertisements choose different handbags from the women not shown the ads (i.e., whether advertising affects women’s choice of handbags).

What is the substantive independent variable in this study?
Handbag ads and the program are the functional Independent variable. It is because they can affect a woman’s choice once put in place among the groups.

What additional (methodological) independent variable is planned?
Another independent variable that is proposed by the research team is women’s clue about the content of thestudy. It can affect the behavior of the women in a way suggesting to modify the actual concentration on what to dwell on so that she can make a choice on the handbag she needs.

What is the dependent variable in this study?
Choice of handbag is a dependent variable. Because a woman a group can only rely on the program and the ads so as to do the selection of thebag she needs.

What research design is this research team planning? Diagram it.
They are planning to use Randomized Experiment research design. It is through the groups that they intend to have their question in a research study. The women cluster in a given age bracket within the four groups so as to provide precise feedback in results intended.

What are the threats to internal validity of this research design?
They include; Events that occurs between the first and second measurement in women’s selection choices can lead to a change of the results of the research of the study. Secondly, the effects of recording the women’s first choice with taking second results of their choosing. It can lead to a lack of precision in the variance of the data.
What is the third (methodological) null hypothesis in this study?

The third null hypothesis is whether the women having a clue about the content of research study will affect the choice of the handbags selected by the women. Therefore, the research study tries to prove that having a clue will eventually change their research study in question, and that is the reason they intend to make them clueless.

(extra credit) Briefly explain how this team would analyze their data to answer their research question and deal with their methodological concern, including the two different possibilities that could occur in the test of the third null hypothesis.
The team will analyze the data in a uniform way as follows:
The groups having watched ads put in one category and the group that did not watch placed in the second group.
To analyze group shown a program and group not shown the program to put on their own.
Finally, Analyze the group shown both the program and ads on their choice of their selection to be analyzed.
In regards to the null hypothesis, the team should try by giving a clue to one group that had not been in the research before and analyzed their data after their research. Therefore, results will be precise and valid avoiding errors to a high degree.
A researcher wants to investigate whether college students’ knowledge of the negative consequences of the overuse of credit will affect their attitudes about credit use. He plans to recruit two professors to help him in his research. One professor of family and consumer sciences is planning a unit of four lessons of credit, such as wage garnishment, repossession, foreclosure, and bankruptcy. The other professor in social studies is teaching a unit about Australia. Each professor’ class has 30 students. At the commencement of the research, the researcher will measure each student’s attitudes toward credit with an attitude scale. Then, each professor will teach her lessons. After that, the researcher will administer an alternate form of the credit attitude scale to each student. Then, he will try to infer whether college students’ knowledge of the negative consequences of the overuse of credit affects their attitudes toward credit use.

What type of research design is this researcher planning to use? Diagram it.
The researcher is planning to use Quasi-Experimental Design. The research design does not involve random assignment and thus involve selecting groups upon testing the variable at hand.

What do you believe is the one most important threat to the internal validity of this study? (Use the specific languages of the problem.)
The most significant threat to the internal validity is the selection of the subject. Both professorswere ought to prepare on the same theme of the research study. They both had to prepare for the four lessons on the credit so that the validity of the variable tested to correspond to the question in aresearch study.

What could this researcher do to address this threat?
The researcher was to provide them with guidelines on the same selection usage of the four-lesson plan. It was to enable the professor with their groups have common tested variable as they dwelt on the same question in the research study but at different locations.

Compare and contrast this design to a previous research design (question #1: h). Which do you believe is the better research design? Why?
Randomized Blocked design uses random assigning of groups while Quasi-Experiment does not use any randomized pre-selection process.
Both research designs use same instrumentation for measuring the attitude of students in their usage of credit. Thus, having a standard technique in testing and analyzing when answering the question in the research study.

I think Randomized Blocked design is the better research as compared to the Quasi-Experiment. Because Randomized study performs a random assigning of the group and once selected, they are analyzed on the same subject selection. There is no ‘favoritism; on which group to be taught some lessons and others to be left out in the essence of theresearch study.

A researcher wants to investigate whether college students’ knowledge of the negative consequences of the overuse of credit will affect their attitudes about credit use. The researcher will select a random sample of 100 college students from a list of all college students at CSUN. He will measure each student’s knowledge of the negative consequences (delinquency, wage garnishment, foreclosure, bankruptcy, etc) of the overuse of credit with a 20-item self-report objective test. At the same time, he will measure each student’s attitudes toward credit with an attitude scale. Then, he will try to infer whether college students’ knowledge of the negative consequences of the overuse of credit affects their attitudes toward credit use. (He wants to infercause-and-effect relationship.)

What type of research design is this researcher planning to use (be precise)? Diagram it.
The researcher plans on using Simple Random research design.

It is the most straightforward design research whereby the method obtains a sample from a population in which every member of the population has an equal chance of selection. Therefore, no grouping is done and no choice of students in CSUN using any given criteria but onlyselecting.

Describe its advantage over other ex post facto designs.
It is easy to find the difference in the results intended since there is measurement before and after the research study. Also, using the research design can make the researcher have precision results in inferring the cause and effect relationship.
Is history a threat to the internal validity of this design? Why or why not?
History is not a threat to the internal validity. It is because the selected sample experienced the same current event in the design research study.

Is maturation a threat to the internal validity of this design? Why or why not?
Maturation is not a threat to internal validity. Because the sample group experienced the same developmental processes while performing the research study.

Is testing a threat to the internal validity of this design? Why or why not?
Yes, testing is a threat. Because once theresearcher records’ the testingat first, itmanipulate the behavior of the students and could alter to newer record in the post-test.

Is instrumentation a threat to the internal validity of this design? Why or why not?
Instrumentation is not a threat to the research study. It is because same measurement method used did not alter the variables tested thus precision in thesupply of records under question in aresearch study.

Is mortality a threat to the internal validity of this design? Why or why not?
Mortality is not a threat to the internal validity of the research study. It is because no drop out of an individual from the sample selected took place thus research study conductedsuccessfully.

What is the most important threat to the internal validity of this study? What could this researcher do to address this threat? Be specific in discussing this in relation to THIS particular study.
Testing is the most significant threat.
The researcher could have tested after performing the research and analysis so as to come up with the exact results on inferring the cause and effect of overuse of the credit. Once the researcher presents pre-testing, the behavior of the students will change and thus post testing results can be affected.

Describe another important threat to the internal validity of this design that is NOT a threat to any previous design we have considered.
Design Contamination is a threat to the internal validity of the research.
It is because the group was now aware of the research study conducted and they are vulnerable to exposure. Thus, wanted it to fail.
Compare and contrast this research design to the research designs in question #1 (note: there are two designs in question #1: c & h) and question #3 in terms of both internal and external validity. Please be organized in this answer.

Comparison and Contrast in Simple random versus Experimental research design in regards to internal and external validity.
Both research designs improve the external validity such as the generalization of the research design.
The experimental research design is more prone to threats in regards to internal validity as compared to the Simple random research design that has variable internal threats.

Comparison and Contrast in Simple random versus Randomized Blocked research design in regards to internal and external validity.
They both have similarity in grouping samples thus threat in regards to internal and external corresponds averagely the same.
Randomized Blocked research design is prone precision and fewerrisks in regards to internal and external validity while simple random research might select asimilar sample of thegroup having similar features thus lowering accuracy of the results.

Comparison and Contrast in Simple random versus Quasi-Experimental research design in regards to internal and external validity.
Thy both have similar technique in addressing the threat of internal and external validity.
Quasi-Experiment research design is more prone to selection risk in the internal validity while Simple Random research design is more prone to testing threat in regards to internal validity.

Which of these four designs do you believe is the best research design? Why?
I believe Randomized Block design is the best research design among the four.
Because of the precision of results it provides and it does not allow more threats to internal validity. Also, allows a researcher to specialize and utilize time on one subgroup for a given a research study.

no plagiarism please

NO FORMAT IS REQUIRE JUST ANSWER THE QUESTIONS.

 

 

 

 

“Agile versus Process Maturity Approaches

 

1. From the e-Activity, define CMMI, explain its purpose, and describe how two process areas of CMMI deliver on its purpose.

 

 

 

 

 

1. Give an example of how the CMMI six-point scale is used to assess the software development process in an organization.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

“Software Process Metrics”

 

1. You have been hired to evaluate and measure the software development process for a company that develops mobile iPad and iPhone applications. Describe three types of software process metrics that may be collected as part of a process improvement scenario.

 

 

 

 

 

1. Provide at least one example of each type of metric you identified and explain how its data could be collected.

 

 

 

 

 

“Windows Firewall”

 

1. From the e-Activity, take a position that the benefits of using the built-in Windows Firewall are or are not superior to those offered by third-party software products that boast similar features and integration with the Windows Server 2012 operating system. Provide justification for your response.

 

 

 

 

 

1. Describe, in your own words, the two (2) features of the Windows Firewall in Windows Server 2012 that you believe are most useful to users. Provide one (1) specific example for each feature to demonstrate the manner in which each can work towards the goal of greater security on the server, the network, and in the organization as a whole.

This weeks Discussion Question is based on one of the longest debates in HRM and often a point of contention among the stakeholders in the industry: Are healthier workers more productive workers? If so, how and why? If not, how and why not?

! Note: Please consider Hospitality Industry for any example.

Optional articles:

Kuruuzum, A., Anafarta, N., & Irmak, S. (2008). Predictors of burnout among middle managers in the Turkish hospitality industry. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 20(2), 186198. Retrieved from Emerald database.

McNabb, J. & Hearns, N. (2005). The smoking ban in hospitality: A cross-border perspective from Ireland. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 20(2), 181190. Retrieved from Emerald database.

Please use following literature:

Jackson, Susan E., Randall Schuler, Steve Werner. Managing Human Resources, 10e, 10th Editio