Epigenesis
Epigenetics refers to changes occurring in the way genes express themselves which are not affected by the underlying DNA sequence and are capable of being inherited by offspring – simply put as a change in the phenotype resulting without a corresponding change in the genotype. This change is regular and occurs naturally but is quite influenced by environment or lifestyle of an individual, the age and diseases suffered by the subject.This modifications can manifest in a manner where the resultant cells are differentiated fully to end up as specific cells such as the brain cells or skin cells which could cause serious devastating conditions such as the cancer.
Goldilocks Effect of Protein Bre1 Influencing Epigenetic Regulation
In the human body, not all genes are expressed depending on the cell type even though every cell in the human has every type of the genes of that person. A simple example given for these is where the human brain cells have genes that describe the necessary function of the human heart cells but they do not function as the cells of a healthy myogenic heart thus they are not expressed.
Research has shown that small epigenetic proteins inside the cells found on top of the genetic coding control whether a cell is expressed or not. If a wrong gene was expressed then it would result in an uncontrollable growth what is sometimes referred to as cancer. At the North Carolina School of Medine University, scientists have been able to show that Bre1 a gene regulating protein needs to be maintained at proper levels so that other parties involved in gene regulation do their tasks correctly. Form the research Bre1 was noted to be very vital in formation of cancerous cells.
Professor Brian Strahl of biochemistry and biophysics in the UNC School of Medicine says they now can sequence an entire genome of a cancer cell and their findings show that many cancers have their mutations related to the epigenetic machinery. Currently it is clear that a gene won’t be expressed if there is too little Bre1 but also the genes do not shut off in case of abundance what Sahl describes as the Goldilocks effect. Too little Bre1could therefore express the genes that protect the cells from cancer hence triggering cancer development.
Family History Questionnaire
Diabetes Type two was evident from two members with experiences of slight migraines in most of the members. One member also showed some mild hearing problems which could be associated to the lifestyle he lived from childhood being a serious disc jockey and a music fanatic. Conclusions can therefore be drawn from it that the high sound environment led to phenotypic changes in his composition. Asthma was also notable in three members of the family which was also attributed to the cold and dusty environment they grew up in.
Furthermore eye problems were very expressed in my parents and their children contrary to our grandparents what can only be explained as inherited traits from my parents that could not have come from the genetic composition of their parents all of which had no eye problems. This describes a scenario where phenotypic changes have been inherited as aresult of epigenetics. Analysis from the doctors on some cases prescribed these diseases as being caused by most importantly the influence from the environments and the lifestyle they are subjected to. However the other cases like cancer and alzheimer had no claims from the family. Moreover it is important to note that these epigenic inheritances were mostly identified in first degree relatives. This supports the reason why people who have first degree relatives having cancer are very vulnerable and can easily succumb to the same. Most of the traits were shared between parents and their children as in the case of my family history.
From the findings in this questionnaire one’s health and longevity can be improved if close attention is paid to the factors that can make them vulnerable to contracting such diseases. The life style of a person should be such that they do not go to extremities. For instance the food one takes is very important in raising the chemical players that help protein Bre1 achieve its work. Too much of calorie intake that is unmonitored could be a potential risk for the victims contracting such diseases as diabetes and cancer. Moreover living in extremely hot environments should be controlled and this could be done through the use chemical assistants like the sunscreen oils. This would help reduce diseases like skin cancer besides controlling epigenesis. The environment and diet of an individual remain the major factors to take note and adjust in order to live a healthier life free from epigenesist hence a longer life.
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