Research Article Analysis

Research Article Analysis

This paper pools together academic knowledge from five journals regarding several aspects of salmon aquaculture. In order to diversify the breadth and depth of the topics under review, a wide range of journals studying several topics are encompassed. Among the journals that play a vital role in this article analysis include ‘Past, present and future of genetic aquaculture’ compiled and written courtesy of joint efforts from Gjeren, H and Bentsen, H. the second journal article is ‘Concentrations of wild and escaped fishes immediately adjacent to fish farm cages’ by Carss, the third is ‘bio-economic modeling and salmon aquaculture: an overview of the literature’ written by Pomeroy, Bravo-Ureta, Solis & Johnston. The fourth journal titled as ‘Aquaculture – Salmon. World Wildlife Fund – Wildlife Conservation, Endangered Species’ retrieved from the world wildlife website relating to salmon aquaculture businesses while the fifth is a Chinese journal by Yang, Chen, Zhou, Chen & Wu on Eco-agriculture ‘Effects of fishery development on water environment and its countermeasures in Taihu Lake’. These articles are essential in answering the questions relating to the criteria of judging research studies and specifically the question on the connection between the current literature reviews compared to previous literature. The journal by Gjeren and Bentsen, (1997) presents a holistic approach to the history of salmon aquaculture and so does the journal by Pomeroy, Bravo-Ureta, Solis & Johnston, (2008) and that of World Wildlife Fund, (2011).

The remaining two articles are clearly written especially the Chinese article which uses environmental analysis tools to objectively convince the reader that the assumptions on which the journal is pegged are objective. This implies that the methodology used by the researchers in attempt to evaluate the real environmental impact relating the development of salmon aquaculture to environmental hazards, pollution. The journal then summarizes countermeasures that could be helpful to farmers and key stakeholders. The universality of the journal in using Taihu Lake to make a generalized assumption regarding the need for environmental conservation among aqua-culturists makes the literature review for the article more current than previous literature reviews which were only focused on bettering the practice of rearing salmons in cages. In addition to the Chinese journal, the article by Carss, (1990) relates closely previous and past literal works and it is through the comparison that the writer notices the emerging trends regarding concentration of salmons around fish farm cages in most aquaculture communities.

The question of how recent the literal works are triggers the analyst into skimming the abstracts for connectivity between the research and emerging trends or connection between past aquaculture activities and new technologies or historical dates. For instance the article ‘Past, present and future of genetic aquaculture’ takes a futuristic dimension into connecting the past and the future but it being written in 1997 makes it an archaic article. Most of its references also date back to archived journals written some years back making the content of the paper partially relevant to modern salmon aquaculture farming practices. Likewise is ‘Concentrations of wild and escaped fishes immediately adjacent to fish farm cages journal written in 1990. The journal presenting a synopsis of literature on biological and economic models in the salmon keeping industry integrates an analysis of recent literal works written in the past 5 years thus the article can be classified as being recent. The Chinese journal by Yang, Chen, Zhou, Chen & Wu, (2003) is relatively recent compared to those of the 1990s because it was written in 2003 hence, of the five articles being analyzed, Aquaculture – Salmon journal by the World Wildlife Fund presents the most recent data dating back to the year 2011.

Owing to the large number of journals to be analyzed, there is emanates the need to present a coherent and seamless research analysis article. In order to achieve this objective, I will focus on analyzing the five journals one by one starting with the article by Gjeren and Bentsen, (1997) ‘Past, present and future of genetic aquaculture’ the problem being researched on regards the need for genetic improvement in salmon aquaculture. The statement of the problem is clear and so is the purpose of the study because the study is conducted to improve the genetic make-up of salmons as a way of making them adaptable to severe environmental changes in the cages and as a result improve the breeding programs. The hypothesis question regarding the need for additive genetic variation to match the changing climatic shifts and global warming are clear in connecting the two variables of genetic transformation (independent variable) and improving the breeding programs (dependent variable) while the testability of the hypothesis are explicitly tested in Norwegian rivers.

There is a lot of clarity on the variables which are defined in depth as the authors attempt sample 90% of Norwegian populations of Atlantic salmons after which the samples are tested for weight, age of sexual maturation, survival in challenge tests with furunculosis and ISA, flesh color, total fat content, and amount of fat tissues. The article further shows the connection of the various sections of the paper to the hypothesis and problem statement as the researchers conduct experiments using DNA technologies to ascertain the link created between the dependent and the independent variables. The results and discussions represent the finding made and the possible future that could help improve breeding capabilities of salmon aquaculture in not only Norway but in the whole of Atlantic Ocean including Canada, Chile and Australia. More than 25 references are used to certify the journal which is consistent with the Harvard referencing system.

‘Concentrations of wild and escaped fishes immediately adjacent to fish farm cages journal’ by Carss falls nothing short of a credible research analysis as the writer identifies the problem and purpose of study after which he hypothesizes them by conceptualizing both the dependent and independent variables. The paper by Carss, (1990) congregates works from several authors, this means that the journal is a compilation of secondary data supported by countable instances of primary data making the article archaic to the degree of the references cited and source of raw data. The author further attempts to strike a balance between health and ecological impacts triggering the migration and subsequent concentration of escaped wild salmons in areas adjacent to cages in the fish farm. Owing to the persistent use of secondary data, no specific samples are made in the paper but particular concerns are pooled together to illustrate the impact of the interactions between other marine lives and the salmons.

The writer uses the data from previous researches and interview findings to summarize his work which fails to create a clear link between the hypothesis and the problem statement. Even though credit is given to the various sources from which relevant data was extracted, the credibility of the paper is questionable. The remaining three papers for instance Pomeroy, Bravo-Ureta, Solis & Johnston (2008); Yang, Chen, Zhou, Chen & Wu, (2003) and World Wildlife Fund (2011) represents a conglomerate of tactfully written literature that presents various problems and statement purposes relevant to the choices of their topic. The statements in the three articles are easy to understand and additionally the purpose statements are tied to hypotheses which are explicit, testable and represent a clear connection with certain variables. The authors further use the variables to integrate suitable methodologies to the variables which makes the papers exhibit blend of primary raw data which connects to sample data making the papers credible.

 

 

References

Carss, D.N. (1990). Concentrations of wild and escaped fishes immediately adjacent to fish farm cages. Aquaculture 90: 29-40.

Gjeren, H. & Bentsen, H. (1997). Past, present, and future of genetic aquaculture. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 54: 1009-1014.

Pomeroy, R., Bravo-Ureta, B. E., Solis, D., & Johnston, R. J. (2008). Bioeconomic modelling and salmon aquaculture: an overview of the literature. International Journal on Environmental Pollution. 33: 485–500.

WWF. (2011). Aquaculture – Salmon.” World Wildlife Fund – Wildlife Conservation,Endangered Species. Retrieved from http://www.worldwildlife.org/what/globalmarkets/aquaculture/dialogues-salmon.html

Yang, Z.F., Chen, L.Q., Zhou, Z.L., Chen, Y., & Wu, L.K. (2003). Effects of fishery development on water environment and its countermeasures in Taihu Lake. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture 11, 156–158.

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