Psychological Disorder

Psychological Disorder

Introduction

Imagine a society where individuals cannot differentiate between imagination and reality. A society full of illusionary activities where one cannot tell whether the person or building is real or fiction. Imagine individual hearing sounds that are horrifying, skeptical, and threatening. It makes life to be miserable. It may sound fictitious, but this is the reality with individuals having schizophrenia. In the current society, schizophrenia has remained an obscurity that the neuroscience and psychiatry have never found the solutions to the problems. It is a condition that has been considered a disability by the psychiatrist with men between the ages 15 and 25 being prone to this infection. According to Ritsner (2010), schizophrenia is one of the fatal psychological disorders, and in an attempt to understand its effects in the society, the paper explores what entails schizophrenia, its causes, and the possible treatment associated with the disorder.

Overview of Schizophrenia

Hogarty (2002) defines schizophrenia as a syndrome that boggles an individual’s mind, thereby hindering his or her movement, speech, perception, and thoughts. It is quite similar to mental disorder as an individual losses the sense of reality and experiences hallucinations and delusional activities. Schizophrenia is divided into five different groups; paranoid-delusions of Grandeur, catatonic, residual, schizoaffective disorder, and disorganized disorder. In paranoid disorder, an individual believes that one must have to be powerful and much greater than the way they are. Hallucinations are the common symptoms under this form of disorder. Catatonic disorder is where an individual is mute, pessimistic, withdrawn and always assumes body positions that are unusual. Disorganized is where an individual shows disorganized behavior, immaturity in his/her emotions, and lack of remissions (Hogarty, 2002).

On the other hand, residual schizophrenia is demonstrated by an individual who was affected by schizophrenia and does not experience any form of hallucinations, but the person lacks interest or motivation of life. Schizoaffective disorder is demonstrated by individual who is depressed or major disorder on the mood of an individual. Like many other disorders and illnesses, schizophrenia demonstrates both the positive and adverse symptoms. The negative symptom is characterized by the ability of losing an individual’s personality such as withdrawn character, while the positive effects include delusions that improves an individual’s personality.

Causes of Schizophrenia

According to Ritsner (2010), there are no defined causes for this psychological disorder. However, scientists have demonstrated that there is no distinct cause of this disorder, but rather, various factors are known to be involved in the process. A study conducted by Hollandsworth (2000) shows that the risk of acquiring schizophrenia is high amongst families that they have schizophrenia patients as compared to the general population. It is believed that the schizophrenia is a genetic disorder, and may be felt across family members in the society. Individuals who were reported to have the disorder had one or more of their members in the family lineage with the disorder. Though in the modern society, genetic influence plays a minor role in the cause of schizophrenia, there is a tendency of medical practitioners and psychologists relying on the information regarding family backgrounds.

Consequently, individuals who abuse drugs are not immune to the disorder. Medical drugs, whether abused or not, cannot cause schizophrenia. However, other drugs like amphetamine, LSD, and marijuana causes the disorder. This is because these drugs are characterized by causing mental disturbances that may lead to inactiveness and hallucinations on the user. Marijuana is commonly abused in most regions across the globe—without considering the implications on an individual’s health and it illegality. It is a concern that majority of the youths are the ones who are affected by these drugs. Some of the Non-governmental organizations have strategized on educating the society on the psychological effects when one consumes these drugs, but without any measurable success (Ritsner, 2010).

Physical chemistry and abnormality have necessitated schizophrenia disorder in the society. Children and young individuals may possess malfunctioned or abnormal brain development, which may lead to the disorder. At a tender age, a child may have hallucinations, and people may believe that it is a curse. In addition, hallucinations may be facilitated by a physical harm on the head. In most cases where an individual is subjected to brain injury, chances of having schizophrenia are high unlike an individual who has been taken handled careful by his/her seniors.  Brain injury is rampant in women who are schizophrenia as they induce injury to the baby during pregnancy. According to Hogarty (2002), children whose mothers suffer from schizophrenia and have experienced complications in the course of delivery have a tendency of developing complications than those schizophrenia mothers whose deliveries were unremarkable.

Treatment of Schizophrenia

As there is no specific treatment for schizophrenia, many people suffering from this disorder live a productive life when it is properly treated. Most effective treatments which are used for treating this particular illness involve antipsychotic medication. Schizophrenia usually occurs in two symptoms—positive and negative symptoms. Convectional antipsychotic medication is used to prevent positive symptoms. Both the negative and positive symptoms are treated by modern antipsychotic medication.

Although this treatment plays a vital role in mitigating the adversity of the disorder, there is need for psychological treatment on the patient. Various services have been instigated with an aim of reducing the effect of the illness. Firstly, psychosocial programs which make an individual regain knowledge and skills in various perspectives should be instilled on an individual. Some of the programs offered include cooking, socializing, employment, stress management, shopping, cleaning, and budgeting .Secondly, various people may engage in formation of a self help group. The group will take part in supporting and provision of information to those individuals who experience serious mental illness. Thirdly, employment opportunities should be created to those people who have passed the rehabilitation process. This will enable them to acquaint themselves with the daily needs without depending on other people. Lastly, emergency services should be created. Patients suffering from schizophrenia should go for checkup regularly. Furthermore, guiding and counseling of patients should be put in place. The patient has to be taught on the activities that he/she should undertake in order to lessen the chances of being schizophrenia patient.

Conclusion

Schizophrenia is a severe ailment that has left most of the children without responsible parents. Though it may be a disorder that can be prevented—by minimizing drug and substance abuse—some of its causes cannot be managed. Schizophrenia patient’s may have genetically inherited the disorder from their family lineage or may have been born abnormal.  This does not mean that there are no preventive measures that will subdue its effects. Some of the measures include medical and psychological treatment. However, it is the hope of the society that scientists and psychologists may find a specific medication for this ailment.

 

References

Hogarty, G. (2002). Personal therapy of schizophrenia and related disorders: a guide to individualized treatment, New York: Guilford Press.

Hollandsworth, J. (2000). The physiological of psychological disorders: schizophrenia, depression, anxiety and substance abuse, London: Springer.

Ritsner, M. (2010). Brain protection in Schizophrenia, mood and cognitive disorders, London: Springer.

 

 

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