Ethics and Government

Ethics and Government

Question One (i)

Richard DeGeorge criteria validates the practice of whistle blowing from a moral perspective if the accorded action imparts significant damage to third parties, if the direct manager is alerted on the given issue and if other individuals within the management chain have been utilized without any form of action to deal with the problem (Arszulowicz, & Wojciech, 2010). Whitacre’s actions pass the first criteria as he accorded the given decision in a bid to accord protection to consumers from oppressive pricing instances. However, it failed its validation with regard to the second and third criteria since he did not report the matter to his immediate superior, Michael Andreas as the vice chairperson. Additionally, in case the vice chairperson refused to accord the needed actions to solve the situation, Whitacre would be forced to move to a higher authority, in this case Dwayne Andreas as the chairperson; he ignored this factor too.

DeGeorge further asserts that moral responsibility for whistle blowing is hinged on the fact that credible evidence is to be accorded for the justification of the allegations and that the inclusion of the public within the decision process would accord justice within the situation (Arszulowicz, & Wojciech, 2010). This being the fourth and fifth criteria, Whitacre did not have ample proof to justify his accusations, as the audio tape was inadequate. The fifth criteria relates to the public and from his actions, Whitacre seems to have accorded the actions to save himself from the repercussions incase the corruption was revealed.

Question One (ii)

            Whitacre exhibits integrity in a dominant manner over loyalty as he chooses to aid the consumers from the pricing scandal. Integrity is superior to loyalty that in most instances is accorded to a smaller group of individuals unlike integrity that involves a wider populace (Knowles, & Martha, 2006). Loyalty in this case would have been accorded to the Archer Daniels Midland Company bearing the employee function. By choosing the integrity option, Whitacre bears a larger risk that also involves his life with the arrest aspect for the sake of the unknown consumers.

Question One (iii)

            The integrity virtue as seen in this instance is connected to the corruption and injustice vices with the inclusion of the possible repercussions. In Whitacre’s case, he accorded aid to the law enforcers due to the accorded assurance concerning the acquitting factor as this compels him to collude with the FBI within the investigations. It is highly likely that if Whitacre had known that he would be charged with the price issue, he would have resorted into the concealment of integrity and thereby leading to an injustice instance (Knowles, & Martha, 2006). Therefore, he may have consequently resorted to corruption to the law enforcers in bribery instances to overcome the misdemeanor. With injustice being a stronger of the two vices, we accord it a positive value while corruption is accorded the negative value.

Question Two (i)

The pre-conventional phase involves the appraisal of the chastisement and egotistical tendencies within a decision. This would be applicable to the government since, although the authorities tend to portray the final authority within a nation, the inclusion of democratic practices has led to social power that would accord punishment for the immoral practice (Harding, 2010). The egotistical practice is related to the fact that the authorities are bent on winning approval from the citizens towards creating a good imagery. Both measures are inadequate perspectives in dealing with ethical dilemmas. The conventional phase evidences the application of a given decision with regard to the rewards from the community level and the personal obligations towards the upholding of legal requirements in a bid to enhance a cohesive society.

The communal rewards and law breach should avert the government’s actions from the immoral decision with regard to the consequences of that would emanate from the practice. The post-conventional phase accords the analysis of various standpoints in accordance to regional settings with regard to a given issue while the universal rules accord decision making as founded on globally satisfactory guidelines (Harding, 2010). This acts as the best perspective towards overcoming the moral dilemma with the inclusion of the global standards within the identified issue as such would not be acceptable in other regions.

References

Arszulowicz, M. & Wojciech, G. (2010). Whistleblowing: In Defense of Proper Action. Piscataway Township, NJ: Transaction Publishers.

Harding, C. (2010). Moral Dilemmas and Ethical Reasoning. Piscataway Township, NJ: Transaction Publishers.

Knowles, E. & Martha, S. (2006). Character builders: books and activities for character education. New York, NY: Libraries Unlimited.

 

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