Author: chris

Research a case that involves alter-ego liability. Define the term “alter-ego” and list the elements the court considered when determining whether to pierce the corporate shield.

In addition, discuss whether it is ethical for a company to move its corporate headquarters overseas to avoid paying income tax. Which duty do you believe is higher, the duty of corporations to pay tax to government or the duty of corporations to pay dividends to shareholders? Why?

Specific Instructions:
1. Paper must be written in a coherent manner.
2. Check grammar and spelling. Very important! Please do not omit words in sentences!
3. Proper in-text citation and references is a must!
4. Do not have headings or titles for paragraphs. Professor deducts points for that.
5. Incorporate the material from the text and support your statements.

DO NOT USE ANY SOURCES EXCEPT FOR THE FOLLOWING:

Please use findlaw.com to research case.

Other credible sources:
1) Hasl-Kelchner, Hanna. (2006). The business guide to legal literacy: what every manager should know about the law. [Books24x7 version] Retrieved from
http://ezproxy.apus.edu/login?url=http://library.books24x7.com/toc.asp?bookid=16713
Appendix C – The Lessons of Sarbanes-Oxley

2) The Sarbanes-Oxley Act

3) Maffei, S. (2011). Personal Liability of Corporate Shareholders in New York. Review Of Business, 31(2), 110-114. Retreived from http://search.ebscohost.com.ezproxy1.apus.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=66249887&site=ehost-live

* To gain access for source 1 and 3 please use log-in:

Additional information: please indicate “add. info” as in-text citation when details are used from the following:
Alter Ego

Corporations and limited liability companies offer limited liability to their shareholders and members. This means that if the company is sued the creditor cannot look to the assets of the shareholders in order to satisfy a judgment. If the company does not have sufficient assets to cover the judgment, the creditor is out of luck. The most a shareholder can lose is the amount of money she has invested in the company. However a business owner needs to do more than merely file a form with the secretary of state and create the corporation in order to create this shield of liability protection. If a company is deemed to be one and the same as the business owner, or owners, the court will allow the creditor to pierce the corporate shield. A company that is found to be merely the alter ego of the business owner will not offer any liability protection for the owner. The materials this week will illustrate ways to ensure a company is not operated as the alter ego of the business owner.

Sarbanes Oxley

Most students have heard of the Enron scandal, where egregious accounting practices resulted in the loss of billions of dollars. As a result of this, and other scandals like WorldCom and Tyco, Congress enacted the Sarbanes-Oxley act of 2002. This Act creates strict accounting practices and creates accountability to the CEO and CFO of the financial statements. Penalties for non-compliance are harsh, and include steep fines, imprisonment and the delisting of the company from the stock exchange. All public companies must comply with this Act.

Legal Concepts v. Laws

There is a difference between a general legal concept and a law. An example of a law would be the Sarbanes Oxley Act. This is a federal law: Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, PL 107-204, 116 Stat 745. An example of a general legal concept is alter ego; it will not be found in any federal or state code books. This is a legal concept used to bring liability to a shareholder of a corporation or LLC. For the purposes of this class laws are found (codified) in state statutes, federal statutes, and federal regulations. General legal concepts are not codified.

Please make Marketing Plan for Microsoft Corporation and include swot analysis and
identifying and recognising problems
• understanding and interpreting data
• understanding and recognising assumptions and inferences, as opposed to
concrete facts
• thinking analytically and critically
• understanding and assessing interpersonal relationships
• exercising and making judgments
• communicating ideas and opinions

Choose 2 artworks from the MoMA Johns and There Will Never Be Silence exhibitions/MoMA 4th floor collection. (I picked jasper johns’ canvas 1956 and Mark Tobey. The Void Devouring the Gadget Era. 1942. Tempera on board)Identify and describe each one; connect each one to different main ideas in June 16 readings(attached); what makes each one Neo-Dada or Pop. Length: 2 pages. Please add citation

Below is the third question I need answered. I forgot to add.

What are the benefits of a coordinated global product launch? What
factors will have to be taken into consideration before the actual
launch? Discuss and explain.

Topic 1 – Implantation:
1. Go to the National Institute of Health web site
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/anatomyvideos/000025.htm
and watch the video tutorial on implantation.
2. Write a 2-3 page essay (double spaced, 12 point Times New Roman font) about implantation that addresses the following:
Describe the implantation process.
Explain 2 medical conditions that can prevent the blastocyst from implanting.
What are the treatment options for those conditions, if any?

. identify ego boundaries that has had the grestest impact on you (either positive or negative)
2. briefly define, characterize, and /or explain the concept(ego boundaries)
3 apply the concept (ego boundaries) to your own life and discuss why this particular concept has had such as impact on you

requirements:
1. in the upper right hand corner, provide name, that means no nee to put the date, course , ect.
2. be sure to answer all three parts of the assignment.
3. times new roman , double spaced, 12 point font, standard margins and max- 1 page
4. no outside sources need, but one qoute from the book

the story is (The Lottery by Shirley Jackson) This short essay is to expose you to MLA documentation and writing about literature. short story you find most interesting and then follow the instructions for your chosen story.

The following are the guidelines you should follow in drafting your paper:

The Lottery instructions:

Introduction: Paragraph One – write a short biography of the author Shirley Jackson; define irony; thesis statement will be last sentence in this paragraph. Use the following thesis sentence:

Thesis: In The Lottery the author uses irony to provide readers with a twisted tale that shocks readers in the end.

Paragraph Two – Discuss how the townspeople prepared for the lottery

Use one quotation

Paragraph Three – Discuss the ironic twists of the name lottery and what happens to Tessie in the end

Use one quotation

Paragraph Four – Rephrase thesis; conclude with an overall meaning of the story

You are to write an 8 pg. double spaced paper (i.e. includes works cited page). The paper is to be written in standard format of 12 pt. font, Times New Roman, and one inch margins. Please use MLA parenthetical citations. Do not include a separate title page.
(1)Is some hip hop an expression of black adolescent culture performed by inner city black and Latino youth in the U.S. and their suburban white counterparts?
You must answer this question from the perspectives of Paul Taylor, Lewis Gordon, Anthony Appiah and the article in our Hip Hop Studies Reader by Robin G. Kelley called, “Looking for the Real Nigga: Social Scientists Construct the Ghetto.” When you delve into their approaches to this question make sure you have some textual evidence to support your interpretations. Do not have too many large block quotes that just take up space. Use quotes judiciously. Below are some aims of the assignment:
1. Demonstrate a command of the reading materials by synthesizing these author’s views and putting their different arguments in conversation with each other.
2. This assignment is not asking you to put forth your own view rather to occupy multiple perspectives other than your own. In another assignment you will have this opportunity.
3. Read the texts closely and draw out the implications of the arguments that you are analyzing. Attend to how one philosopher’s argument may diminish or strengthen the force of another author’s argument. There is no need to spend time doing extra research everything you have is in the readings. Analyze these texts, understand their core arguments thoroughly. Clearly present the author’s premises, conclusions, assumptions that make up the content of their arguments.
4. You are also asked to imagine how the author’s might respond to another author’s objection. As we critically evaluate all our author’s in class, pay attention to content and the form of their argument (i.e. their methods of argumentation). Good luck!
Grading Rubric
Problem Identification: Identify and thoroughly explore the issue and significant underlying issues. Capture the multi-faceted and dynamic nature of a complex issue.
Context and Assumptions: Considers integral contexts and background information, surfacing assumptions and address the ethical dimensions underlying the issue.
Data/Evidence: Demonstrate skill in search, selection, and source evaluation. Examine evidence and its source, question accuracy, relevance, and completeness. Demonstrate an understanding of how facts shape but may not confirm opinion.
Integration of Diverse Perspectives: Seek out, weigh and effectively integrate diverse, uncomfortable or contrary views. Analyze other positions in an accurate, nuanced, and respectful fashion.
Conclusion: Identify, discuss, and extend conclusions and/or consequences. Considers ambiguities and raises questions.

a.From the e-Activity, examine how the Bernie Madoff organization was dismantled and give your opinion on whether you believe he was treated fairly during this process.

1b.Give your opinion on whether or not you believe the Securities and Exchange Commission failed in not detecting Bernie Madoff crime earlier. Support your answer.

Week 5 discussion question

1a.The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires the chief executive officer and the chief financial Officer of public companies to personally certify annual and quarterly SEC filings. These certifications require the CEOs and CFOs to take responsibility for their companies’ financial statements. From the e-Activity, assess the importance of the criminal certifications and the civil certifications, and determine whether or not such certifications will be effective in reducing and detecting fraud in corporations.

1b.Fraud may be prosecuted criminally or civilly. Anytime the legal issue at hand involves money or fraudulent activity, forensic accountants and fraud examiners can play an important role in the investigation. Compare and contrast the remedies available in the civil and criminal justice system, indicating which system is most effective.

Week 4 Assignment 2: Cybercrimes and Computer Security Systems

With the advent of computers, cybercrime and Internet frauds are increasing in frequency and in size. The trend is likely to continue. Cybercrimes are described as activities in which a computer or network of computers are an integral part of a crime.

For this assignment, research the Internet or Strayer databases and identify an organization that was a victim of cybercrime.

Write a four page paper in which you:

1. Based on your research, identify and assess the fraud that occurred in the organization, as well as the impact that the fraud had on the corporation’s investors and creditors.
2. Suggest how a financial forensic investigation could have detected fraud in the organization that you researched. Consider the risk factors, the elements of fraud, and the analysis of competing hypotheses.
3. Asses the economic losses that occurred at the organization you researched and recommend a plan of action for the company to restore any economic losses.
4. Compare and contrast accidental fraudsters and predators. Give your opinion on what type of fraudster(s) committed fraud at the organization you researched. Provide support for your rationale.
5. Evaluate how teamwork and leadership are effective tools for financial forensic investigations. Provide support for your evaluation.
6. Use at least three (3) quality resources in this assignment. Note: Wikipedia and similar Websites do not qualify as quality resources.

Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:

• Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
• Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required assignment page length.

The specific course learning outcomes associated with this assignment are:

• Examine different types of organizational illegal activities, including cybercrimes and the impact to the organization.
• Use technology and information resources to research issues in forensic accounting.
• Write clearly and concisely about forensic accounting issues using proper writing mechanics.