Author: chris

To complete this activity, download or cut and paste the Module 5 Assignment Template. Follow the directions to make a baby, complete the electrophoresis gel table, determine the parents of your baby, and finally, answer the questions that follow the table.

Please complete the PDF file title Galaxies_1.pdf
PLEASE CONTACT CUSTOMER IMMEDIATELY WITH ANY CONCERNS OR QUESTIONS.
Use only the resources that are provided to you.
Do NOT use outside sources.
ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS IN PDF file title Galaxies_1.pdf.

The following link can be used to answer questions regarding the PDF file Galaxies_1.pdf

http://sites.gpc.edu/astr1020lab/galaxies-lab/

The following resources are available if questions should arise.
YouTube: Live Lab Help Session Recording – Galaxies Lab

Introduction
• Edwin Hubble was the first astronomer to conceive of a classification for the different types of galaxies. His classification scheme is known as Hubble’s “Tuning Fork”. It is NOT a sequence of galaxy development, it simply shows how the shapes of different types of galaxies are related. An excellent diagram can be found at the Sloan Digital Sky Survey web site: http://cas.sdss.org/dr6/en/proj/advanced/galaxies/images/TuningFork.jpg
• There are four basic types of galaxies: Elliptical, Spiral, Barred Spiral, and Irregular. The first three types are subdivided into subtypes.
◦ Spiral (S) and Barred Spiral (SB) galaxies have a pinwheel pattern of bright spiral arms and a circular central region (galactic nucleus) when viewed face on. When viewed from the side they look like edge on disks with dark dust lanes and bright nebulae indicating the presence of a lot of interstellar matter and star formation. The difference between a regular spiral galaxy and a barred spiral galaxy is the shape of their nucleus. A regular spiral has a round galactic nucleus whereas the nucleus of a barred spiral is longer in one direction making it look more like a bar.
▪ The subtypes are assigned based on the size of the nucleus and the spacing of the spiral arms. Spirals, either barred or normal, are subtype “a” if they have a large bright nucleus and closely spaced arms: Sa or SBa.  If a spiral has a small nucleus and widely spaced arms, it is given  the subtype c (Type Sc or SBc). Subtype b represents the medium size of the nucleus and spacing of spiral arms.
◦ Elliptical (E) have very little interstellar gas and dust and no young stars. They shaped symmetrically ranging from perfectly round to very elongated similar to a football. The density of stars is greater in the center and becomes less toward the edges.
▪ Their subtypes are based on their overall shape determined by the relationship of their longest axis and their shortest axis. The subtypes range in numbers from 0 to 7 with type 0 of perfectly round shape and type 7 of the most elongated shape. However, these numbers are based on the way they look from Earth. Even a football shape may look round when viewed from one end.
◦ Irregular galaxies (Irr) have rather unusual shapes and many of them contain large amounts of interstellar gas and dust.
• The laboratory exercises include the determination of the relative distances of galaxy clusters. All galaxies in a galaxy cluster are pretty much the same distance away from Earth. We can also make the assumption that the size range of the galaxies in one cluster is very similar to that of any other cluster. We can determine how many times further one cluster is away from Earth than the other by measuring the ratio of the sizes of the largest few galaxies in each. For example, you can measure the longest axes of the five largest galaxies in each cluster. Then, take the average for each cluster. The ratio of this average for the closer cluster (that size average is going to be larger) divided by the size average for the further cluster (that size average is going to be smaller) is going to be the factor of how many times further the further cluster is than the closer one. If the absolute distance of the closer cluster is known, this absolute distance can simply be multiplied by this factor to get the absolute distance of the further cluster.
• The last phenomenon investigated in this laboratory is that of galaxy cannibalism. Unusual shapes of some galaxies are caused by the gravitational interaction of galaxy with another one they are on collision course with. Gravity is an action-at-a-distance force so that the colliding galaxies are already distorting each other’s shapes before their visible matter intertwines.

Question Hints
Note: For questions 1 – 6 including Table I: Classification of Galaxies, you will use http://sites.gpc.edu/astr1020lab/galaxies-lab/ . For the remaining questions you will use the Galaxies Fields file in the table of contents of the Galaxies Lab Content Module.
• Q1: Look at the third image in the first row, Milky Way Galaxy (infrared) taken by the COBE satellite. There are three general types of galaxies: Spiral (specify: regular or barred), Elliptical, and Irregular. When you look at the image, think about what these general types of galaxies might look like from different perspectives. Also, think of the differences in the amount of gas and dust contained in these general types.
• Q2: Again, decide on one of the three general types and specify regular or barred if you think it is Spiral. Pay particular attention to the nucleus of the galaxy.
• Q3: Think about whether or not you would be able to discern the particular shape of the galactic nucleus from the COBE infrared image of the Milky Way Galaxy.

Book to use(only):”Western Civilization”Volume 1, Brief third edition(Joshua Cole,Carol Symes,Judith Coffin,Robert Stacey). It should be based on the primary source readings and artistic images (not maps.They cover the period of the so-called “Middle Ages.”It should be a critical and analytical synthesis of at least THREE primary source readings (“Competing Viewpoints” & “Analyzing Primary Sources” sections). Another option is to use TWO READINGS from those sections & TWO IMAGES (NOT MAPS) from the textbook OR ONE READING from those two sections & FOUR IMAGES (NOT MAPS) from the textbook OR just SIX IMAGES (NOT MAPS) from the textbook. The section “Interpreting Visual Evidence” contains only images and editor’s notes. Only the sources in “Competing Viewpoints” & “Analyzing Primary Sources” sections are legitimate readings. Editorial notes introduce the primary source readings and images but DO NOT count as primary source readings. DO NOT use white pages in the textbook, any other books or websites.It should organize evidence to show change over time instead of jumping back and forth to the examples belonging to different time periods.
• • It should have a clear structure (the opening sentence with a straightforward thesis statement which briefly answers the question and serves as a “roadmap” of your argument supported with appropriate evidence in the rest of the essay, and a conclusion which summarizes your main points without copying your thesis statement).
• • Don’t include more than one direct quote, it should be marked by quotation marks (“”). Failure to do so will be considered as plagiarism and will lose you one letter grade.
Instead of copying and pasting quotes, paraphrase them to better fit them into your analysis
• Given length of paper, there should not be any block quotes.
• Referencing: always provide the page # for ALL evidence you use in the paper not just for direct quotes. Cite all evidence in parenthetical citations, for example (13). Failure to provide reference is considered plagiarism and will lead to the loss of one letter grade.
• The paper should have a file name “essay 2” and should be saved as a “Word Document.”
• Technical Specifications: Times New Roman font, 12 pt type, 1” margins (check in Page Layout—Margins). Double Spaced!!!!
• The paper should be written in formal standard English. Pay attention to grammar and style (avoid conversational expressions and contractions). Be consistent with the verb tense when referring to the events in the past. You can choose either past or present but stick to it throughout to avoid confusion.
• Logical Transitions: Use transition words like “furthermore,” “in addition to..”, “while..”, “whereas…”, etc to connect your main points.
• No separate title page. In a Word Document, go to Insert, then Header, and type your name our class # in the upper left or right corner.
• Attach a bibliography of sources cited in the paper identifying author, title, date, and the page in the textbook (the list cannot be considered as a page of writing). The list will help both you and me to make sure that you have used enough required sources. See examples of how to format the bibliography below.
• Primary source reading
o Author unknown, “The Epic of Gilgamesh,” (circa 3,000 BCE), Joshua Cole, Carol Symes, Judith Coffin and Robert Stacey, Western Civilizations (N.Y.: W.W. Norton, 2012), 10
o Aristophanes, “Socrates as a Sophist” (circa 400 BCE), Joshua Cole, Carol Symes, Judith Coffin and Robert Stacey, Western Civilizations (N.Y.: W.W. Norton, 2012), 78
• Primary source image
o Raphael, “The School of Athens” (1510CE), Joshua Cole, Carol Symes, Jud

This capstone provides an opportunity to get some hands-on experience applying corporate finance theory and models to real firms. In the process, participants will get a chance to prepare an in-depth analysis of a company by:

Evaluating the risk profile of a firm and examining the sources of risk and risk management policies.
Analyzing its capital structure and deciding whether the firm is under- or over-leveraged.
Valuing the firm.
Restructuring the firm and revaluing it.
How is the project structured?

This is an individual project. You should each turn in a report 10-20 pages in length (including tables), adhering to APA formatting standards. All tables should be moved to the Appendix. The appropriate tables should be referenced in the paper.
Each week you will submit a section of the project. Your weekly capstone milestones are only a small part of your capstone grade. This provides you with the opportunity to have me review and comment on your weekly submissions, then using my feedback you can modify your milestones before re-submitting as your final capstone assignment in M6. Most of your points for the capstone are earned with the M6 submission.
What company should I pick?

The company may be large or small, domestic or international, manufacturing or service. A public company with stock trading on an exchange is preferable.
Choose one for which plenty of information is publicly available.
Examples: Ford; Sprint; Viacom; Microsoft; Berkshire Hathaway; EDS; Volkswagen; Unilever; Sony.
Perhaps an interesting “story” can be your guide. You’ll find stories daily at The Motley Fool, among other places.
How will the project be graded?

Please click here for the grading rubric.
Module-by-Module Deliverables

Module 1 – Corporate Governance

Describe the primary business of the company, including its products, customers, and competitors.
Give the company revenue, net income, and total assets for its last fiscal year.
Provide the name and background of the Chief Executive Officer (CEO).
How does this firm view its social obligations and manage its image in society?
Module 2 – Ratio Analysis

Undertake an in-depth ratio analysis of your company.
Module 3 – Performance and Growth

What has been the performance of the company stock compared with a key competitor and with the S&P 500?
How much of the performance can be attributed to management and how much is due to market conditions?
Module 4 – Risk & Capital Structure

Describe the risk profile of the business.
Determine the company beta and explain its meaning.
Compare the debt ratio of the company against the competitor.
Describe the risks and advantages of the company’s debt level and indicate whether you believe it could/should be higher or lower.
Module 5 – Cost of Capital
Estimate the approximate yield to maturity of company debt and the after-tax cost of debt.
Determine the approximate cost (required rate of return) of equity using the Capital Asset Pricing Model.
Determine the market values of the company debt, equity, and assets.
Calculate the weighted average cost of capital.
Explain the significance of the company’s WACC to its management.
Module 6 – Restructuring

Include with your final capstone submission – NOT a separate assignment
Is the firm a possible target for a takeover or shareholder activism? Is it facing some financial stress?
Is a change in the business mix warranted? What acquisitions or divestitures do you recommend? How?
Can needed changes be made without a change in management or control? How would these be affected?
Final Report

Your final report should conform to APA formatting standards. Review the guidelines for creating business reports that you learned in BAC 300 and the Cleary Style Manual document. Your final report should contain the following:

Title page with company name, your name, instructor’s name, course number and name (FIN 400: Financial Management), and date.

Executive Summary (one page, single-spaced synopsis).

Include the following sections:

I. Corporate Governance Analysis
II. Ratio Analysis
III. Performance and Growth
IV. Risk and Capital Structure
V. Cost of Capital
VI. Restructuring
VII. Conclusion
If you were hired to enhance value at this firm, what path would you choose?
VIII. References
IX. Appendix
Please include all tables, charts, and calculations in the Appendix. Reference the tables, charts, and calculations in your text in appropriate places.