Performance measurement is used for reporting and monitoring program effectiveness, accomplishments, and/or goal progress. To be measured, a program must have well-defined objectives or a discernible purpose. There are three levels of activity that can be measured through program measurement:
• Process: Activities that have been conducted
• Outputs: Services that have been delivered
• Outcomes: Results of both the activities and services
Program evaluations are holistic and systematic studies that are conducted on a regular basis to determine on a whole how a program is working and to discover ways in which the program can be improved upon. These evaluations are most often a combination of both quantitative and qualitative methods and fall under one of the following categories:
• Process evaluation evaluates the degree that the program is operating as expected.
• Outcome evaluation evaluates the degree that the program has met its outcome-oriented goals.
• Impact evaluation is a specific type of outcome evaluation that determines the overall impact of the program by comparing the expected outcomes in the absence of the program with actual program outcomes.
Cost–benefit and cost-effectiveness evaluations evaluate the program outcomes with the costs to produce those outcomes.
This module taught you that performance measurement has become a very important aspect of the program evaluation process as the stakeholders in the agency or program will want to see evidence that the outcomes are being met and, if not, what specifically needs to be addressed or fixed in order to meet those outcomes.
Tasks:
In about 300 words, respond to the following:
• How does performance measurement differ from program evaluation?
• What do you think are the key benefits of using performance measurement as part of the program evaluation process?
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