END OF OIL

 

END OF OIL

 

Introduction

The history of oil dates back in 347 AD when China started to drill the first oil wells. Drilling of these wells was done using bits tied on bamboo poles up to a depth of approximately 800 feet. During the 19^th century, more oil substances were discovered by people drilling for underground water. However, those people did not consider oil to be important, until a time when entrepreneurs realized that oil was very much useful, and could be used for different purposes like lubricating. The first major commercialization of oil using pipelines was done by “Colonel” Drake, and began more than one hundred and fifty years ago in the United States of America. In the year 1859, Drake managed to drill two oil wells which had a combined worth of approximately $ US40, 000. The two oil wells produced close to 2000 barrels of crude oil that required processing and refining because it was very muddy and smelly. In 1860, refineries were established to facilitate processing of oil in an effort to remove or get rid of the smell found in the crude oil. These refineries were able to extract heavy oil and tar from the crude oil by subjecting crude oil to high temperatures that caused kerosene to boil off (Janardhan & Fesmire, 2011).

It is worthy to mention that the kerosene extracted from the crude oil was also used for different purposes like lighting. In the mid 1860s, transportation of oil was done using wooden barrels on rivers, but this was a dangerous method. As a result, alternative methods of transportation (such as use of railway) were introduced. However many people did not find this method very appropriate because railway transportation had a lot of interference from the rail workers and bosses. Later on, this problem was solved after the introduction pipeline transportation. The diameter of the pipes used for transporting oil had varying diameters, and the choice on which pipe to use was dependent of the amount or quantity of oil to be transported (Black, 2008).

What people should do to save oil?

Based on the fact that oil is a very limited resource, there is a great need for people to come up with appropriate measures for saving oil. A good number of petrochemical and plastics industries rely on oil to undertake various processes. Failing to save oil can impact such industries in a negative way to an extent that these industries may be forced to close down. Such situations can lead to serious consequences like high levels of unemployment. There are different ways that people can employ to save oil. These include the following. To start with, it is important for people who own automobiles to drive smartly and limit on the distance to be travelled. Limiting the drive distance helps to minimize the quantity of gasoline/oil used. Other than choosing to use vehicles to go for short distances, people should try to use alternative means such as biking or walking. In instances where driving cannot be avoided, it is important to ensure that the vehicle is running efficiently. This means that drivers should ensure that tires are well inflated and switch off the engine when the car is not in motion (Chilingar, Robertson & Kumar, 1987).

Another method of saving oil would be to purchase automobiles that are energy efficient. Such cars have the ability to cover a big mileage with minimal consumption of oil/gasoline. It is also important for people to see the importance of sharing information that shows the need to recycle and conserve energy. This should go hand in hand with the establishment of policies or programs that limit on the amount of oil used in a given activity (Pfeiffer, 2003).

 

 

When the oil will finish?

With the current increasing consumption of oil, it is very clear that people are likely to experience acute shortage of oil in the coming years (Black, 2008). Oil production is reaching the maximum level, and this means that there is a great need to come up with other strategies that can increase oil production or facilitate the development of alternative sources of energy. According to Roberts (2005), this will help address the issues that will follow after oil production comes to an end. The irreversible and permanent decline in oil will require people to adapt to other sources of energy even under circumstances where such alternatives are expensive.

How people and government deal with it?

In my view, I believe that people and the government will be in a position to address this issue effectively. For instance, I believe that the government will encourage the manufacture and import of automobiles and appliances that use other sources of energy other than oil. This will go a long way in reducing the impacts associated with insufficient quantity of oil.

Conclusion

From the above discussion, it is evident that the history of oil follows significant changes that saw the transformation of earlier crude oil into heavy oil and tar. Since its discovery, oil has been used in numerous activities, and its use continues to increase on a daily basis. Based on these facts, it is extremely important for people to avoid unnecessary use of this limited resource.

 

 

 

 

 

References

Black, E. (2008). The plan: How to save America when the oil stops–or the day before. Washington, D.C: Dialog Press.

Chilingar, G. V., Robertson, J. O., & Kumar, S. (1987). Surface operations in petroleum production: I. Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Janardhan, V., & Fesmire, B. (2011). Energy explained: Volume 1. Lanham, Md: Rowman & Littlefield.

Pfeiffer, D. A. (2003). The end of the oil age. United States : Rowman & Littlefield.

Roberts, P. (2005). The end of oil: The decline of the petroleum economy and the rise of a new energy order. London: Bloomsbury.

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