Qualitative Data Analysis Tools
Introduction
Data collection, recording, interpretation, analysis, and presentation are vital in all professions for competence and efficiency in product and service delivery. In the field of nursing much of the data collected is qualitative since it studies human health and factors that negatively or positively affect it. Ethnography, phenomenology, symbolic interaction, and grounded theory are the qualitative research designs used in this field.
Grounded theory
Grounded theory entails inductive and deductive approaches in theory development from collected and analyzed data. It involves collection of data through observations and interviews in natural settings. Data is recorded through filled questionnaires, written notes, and tape recording. Data comparison is done which involves constantly comparing collected data to one that had been collected before therefore making data collection and analysis simultaneous. From collected and analyzed data, concepts are determined and assigned codes (Brookes, 2013). Codes are constantly and gradually reviewed whenever new interpretations of data are determined. Researcher then consults other sources of existing data to determine if similar information and relations exists. Therefore, grounded theory insists on theory generation rather than testing. Generated theory undergoes hypothesis testing through tests like t-test or z-test to determine the validity of a hypothesis. The theory is then useful in making conclusions regarding other new diverse data collected (Green & Thorogood, 2004).
ATLAS.ti 7. Software
This is qualitative analysis software that analysis human’s behavior through analyzing audio data, video, written records or questionnaires. It extracts required information using various techniques like attaching numeric codes or locating particular phrase. ATLAS.ti, processes large amount of data, codes original data sources, keeps track of interrelation between data, and recognizes the importance of those codes and the interrelation (Brookes, 2007). These functions of the software make it vital and compatible in nursing as it will enable interrelation of some symptoms to come up with a valid conclusion or diagnosis. Coding therefore makes analysis of qualitative data less tedious and time consuming as initially perceived to be.
References
Brookes, D. (2007). Understanding qualitative research and its value in healthcare. Retrieved on 25th November, 2013 from www.nursingtimes.net
Brookes, D. (2013). Nursing Research: Qualitative Research in Nursing. on 25th November, 2013 from http://nursingplanet.com/research/qualitative_research.html
Green, J. & Thorogood, N. (2004). Qualitative Methods of Health Research. London: Sage.
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