Midterm Essay: Psychoanalytic Criticism and the Thrill of Diving In
The beauty of literature resides in its interpretation. Psychoanalytic Criticism allows one to closely examine the psyche of a poignant character or the author. Through this approach, the critic can better understand the deeper, innermost thoughts and motives of the character, how the environment within the work has affected the character, and how these elements help shape the narrative. The psychoanalytic approach resonates with the critic on the most personal level, as even in the most objective interpretations one uses their own understanding of life, people, business, and relationships to glean a comprehensive understanding of the work.
Psychoanalytic criticism also allows room to incorporate other forms of analysis, creating deeper significance in the work as a whole. Susan Glaspell’s play “Trifles” centers around two female characters. Evaluating the work from a psychoanalytic view of the concerned neighbor, Mrs. Hale, one learns that she is a caring woman who blames herself for not reaching out to a friend trapped in an abusive relationship. Mrs. Hale’s speech and behavior evolves during the play. At first she is unsure and incredulous. She considers if Minnie could have killed her husband and states, “Well, I don’t think she did. Asking for an apron and her little shawl. Worrying about her fruit.” (Kelly 324) Later she is riddled with guilt. “Oh I wish I’d come over here once in a while! That was a crime!… I might have known she needed help!” (330) By the end, Mrs. Hale’s behavior is deliberate and calculating as she conceals evidence to help her friend. While a close examination of each of her behaviors reinforces the significance of her character, one can also take into consideration Feminist Criticism as well as a Historical perspective to fully regard the scope of the work. Perhaps due to my own womanhood, it is inevitable that questions considered within Feminist Criticism would be addressed while psychoanalyzing a woman character, written by a woman author. Examining a female character’s psyche within historical context, and how the woman is represented within the work strengthens the connection felt with the character, and in turn, the significance of the work to the reader.
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