Question 1 (20 marks): On Distinctive Feature Bundles
Formulate the feature bundles for the following consonantal sounds:
a) [s]
(10 marks)
b) [d]
(10 marks)
Question 2 (20 marks): On Autosegmental Phonology and Feature Geometry
a) Consider the following claims.
i) English affricates are best described using the feature [Delayed Release].
ii) English affricates are best described using autosegmental representations.
Formulate arguments in favour of one of the views above.
(10 marks)
b) Represent the following segments in feature geometric format:
i) [b]
(5 marks)
ii) [t]
(5 marks)
Question 3 (20 marks): On Constraint-Based Phonology
Formulate a constraint ranking using tableaus to generate the optimal form of the English Past Tense Suffix based on the rule order and constraints listed below. In your solution, show how the optimal forms mist, and liftɨd are derived, and rule out the suboptimal forms such as misɨt, mis, misd, and mizd, and liftd, lifdd, liftt, and lift.
NO-GEM: Geminate consonants are disallowed in the output.
AGREE (Voice): Adjacent output segments have the same value of the feature voice.
Max-IO: Deletion of segments is prohibited.
Dep-IO: Insertion of segments is prohibited.
Ident (F): A segment in the input is identical to the corresponding segment in the output.
(20 marks)
Question 4 (20 marks): On Syllable Structure
Illustrate the syllable structure of the following words using tree diagrams.
a) limit
(10 marks)
b) plant
(10 marks)
Question 5 (20 marks): On Stress
Consider the following pairs of English words. The words in the first column are stressed on the second syllable, while those in the second column are stressed on the first (stressed syllables are indicated by capital letters).
i. perMIT PERmit
ii. reCORD REcord
iii. conVERT CONvert
iv. reJECT REject
v. proDUCE PROduce
(a) Describe the difference in meaning that is expressed by the stress shift.
(10 marks)
(b) Explain, with examples, how regular this rule is. Can you think of any additional pair that largely follows the same pattern?
(10 marks)
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