Author: chris

Provide an example from your own experience where you acted in accordance with one or more of the patterns of irrational or unethical decision making. Explain the egocentrism or sociocentrism, as well as any pathological tendencies of mind, involved in your thought process. How could you have applied the keys to sound decision making to approach the situation more rationally? If you prefer not to discuss your own decision making experience, you may instead discuss someone you know, a historical figure, or a fictional character. Your response should be at least one page in length, and in Times New Roman 12pt. font. All sources used, including the textbook, must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations in APA format. The title and reference page do not count towards the one-page minimum. Information about accessing the Blackboard Grading Rubric for this assignment is provided below.

 

Unit VIII Reflection Paper Provide an example of a possible confusion between theological beliefs and ethical principles in a commonly-held religious belief system. Are there practices within this faith that might be critiqued as unethical? How should we apply the fundamentals of ethical reasoning in this case? Your response should be at least one page in length and in Times New Roman 12pt. font. You are required to use at least your textbook and one scholarly article from any database within the CSU Online Library as source material for your response. All sources used, including the textbook, must be referenced; paraphrased and quoted material must have accompanying citations in APA format. The title and reference page do not count towards the three-page minimum. Information about accessing the Blackboard Grading Rubric for this

There are 5 major guiding principles and 22 ethical standards that you should know as a researcher. You should be familiar with these guidelines and standards. To access them, click here.

Based on these ethical codes, you will participate in this group project at both an individual and group level.

Responsibilities

You will be responsible for the following:

• Review the 5 guiding principles, and choose 1 of them that is of particular interest to you. Be sure to coordinate with your group to avoid duplication.
• Select 3–4 ethical standards that you believe align with your selected guiding principles, and do further research.
•  Post a discussion of the chosen principle and the chosen ethical standards. Provide rationale for your belief in their importance. Support your statements with credible academic sources.
• Review the individual posts of your group members, and provide feedback.

Deliverable

Choose 12 of the 22 ethical standards that you feel are the most important. Make sure that there is at least 1 ethical standard for each of the 5 guiding principles.

Then create a PowerPoint presentation that covers the following:

• Explain why ethical standards are needed.
• Identify what each of the 5 guiding principles represents, and why each is important for educational researchers.
• List the 12 ethical standards chosen.
• Give an example of how each of the chosen 12 ethical standards would be used in qualitative research for data collection.
• Give an example of how each of the chosen 12 ethical standards would be used in quantitative research for data collection.
• Provide examples of how the ethical standards selected might impact methods of collecting data.
• Summarize why it is important for each individual researcher to follow these ethical standards.

PowerPoint slides should have a professional-looking background and short bullet points on the slide, with the explanation and comments (presentation script) in the notes section. The slideshow should have some graphs or charts and appropriate clip art or photos to make the presentation interesting. For more information on PowerPoint, see the PowerPoint lab in the Learning Lab area.

Reference

2010 Draft code of ethics. Retrieved from the American Educational Research Association Web site: http://oegintranet/courses/AIU/EDU602/Assignment_Assets/U3GP_Ethics_Code.pdf

 

(1)    How was African internal migration affected by geographic features of the continent? Which geographic features posed the most challenges? Which posed the least? Why?

(2)   What are the common beliefs held by the traditional religions in Africa? Why do you think that these religions have common beliefs? While many traditional African beliefs are similar, some are significantly different, which ones are they and what are the significance of these different beliefs?

(3)   What are the major language groups in Africa? Describe the areas they inhabited. How are they alike? How are they different? Are there language speakers in Africa who are separated by large geographical areas? If so, why might these different groups share the same language?

(4)   As societies change from hunter-gatherers to agriculturalists different technologies and skills are required.  What are some technological changes developed or adopted in Africa to help societies move along the development continuum?

(5)   Africa is a very large continent that has given rise to many different cultures. What were some of the predominant African societies? How did they relate to other African cultures and societies?

(6)   Mamoudou Koyaté is a royal griot whose responsibility it is to recite the traditions of a particular royal line. How does that influence his interpretation of historical events?

 

(7)    Why does Kouyaté believe that the oral record is superior to written records?

(8)   Griots usually recite oral traditions before an audience. How can the context of the performance affect the content of the oral tradition?

 

 

 

Application

Required Resources

• Course Text: Copple, C., & Bredekamp, S. (2009). Developmentally appropriate practice in early childhood programs serving children from birth through age 8 (3rd ed.). Washington, DC: National Association for the Education of Young Children

Application: Career Goals and Intentions Related to Developmentally Appropriate Practice

You have learned that developmentally appropriate practice is not an activity or a strategy but a complex decision-making process, an approach to care and education, and even an underlying philosophy of programs and policies. It is a foundation of every quality program for young children.

How will developmentally appropriate practice influence your career as an early childhood professional? What are your goals and intentions with regard to incorporating developmentally appropriate practice in your work and to further your professional growth?

To complete this Application, do the following:

Review and Reflect

Consider your response to the following multi-part question:

As an early childhood professional, how will what you have learned about developmentally appropriate practice influence your career in relation to:

• working with children;
• working with families;
• working with the community (where you live and where you work);
• working with other professionals; and
• your professional growth?

To help you answer each part, review the readings for this week and the video presentation on developmentally appropriate practice. Take notes on ideas, insights, perspectives, and professional objectives that have meaning to you.

When you are ready, complete the written assignment below.

State Your Intentions

Summarize your thoughts, plans, and goals with regard to the ways you believe developmentally appropriate practice will influence your career in relation to working with children, families, the local community (where you live and work in the future), and other professionals, as well as your own professional development.

In this assignment you will analyze the organizational behavior of your current or former employer. Describe how the following areas influence the organizational behavior in a negative or positive manner:

1. Type of culture (Pluralism, Dualism or Salad bowl)
2. Modes of communication in the organization (i.e., written or verbal)
3. Nature of authority (i.e., recognized social rank)
4. Motivational techniques (e.g. intrinsic or extrinsic used to influence productivity and performance)
5. Areas of EQ (emotional quotient) embraced by the organization
6. Virtual elements (i.e., teleworking and virtual offices)

Provide examples for each item listed above and discuss how each example applies to the organization identified. Your paper must be eight to ten pages in length and use a minimum of four scholarly sources, in addition to the textbook. Your paper must be formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center

Writing the Final Paper

The Final Paper:

1. Must be eight-to-ten double-spaced pages in length (not including the title and reference pages) and formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
2. Must include a title page with the following:
   1. Title of paper
   2. Student’s name
   3. Course name and number
   4. Instructor’s name
   5. Date submitted
3. Must begin with an introductory paragraph that has a succinct thesis statement.
4. Must address the topic of the paper with critical thought.
5. Must use headers
6. Must end with a conclusion that reaffirms your thesis.
7. Must document a minimum of four scholarly sources, in addition to the textbook, in APA style, as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.
8. Must include a separate reference page, formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center.

nderstanding the responsibility and concerns of healthcare is important in creating policies that leadership can use to streamline success. If strategic leadership is not realized over time,  healthcare organizations’ political influences may face challenges and create public disinterestedness in health policies.  These issues create restrictions  on the healthcare organization’s ability to meet its financial budget, gain community’s trust and involvement, and secure  political influence(s). This negatively impacts the overall performance of the healthcare organization. The ideas of process innovation, risk taking, health building analysis, and governance greatly impacts “sense-making” for those being led. These ideas bring understanding to the role of governance in the organization. Review the case study “Australian Surgery Indicator Makes the Front Page” in Chapter 15 of your textbook and discuss the following questions in a minimum of 250 words:

• After your review, do the conclusions you draw from the case justify the headline? Why or why not?
• Discuss the indications found in Table 15-1 and their effect on the health care organizations efficiency in elective surgery.
• Evaluate the avoidable rate of canceled surgeries and develop an implementation plan to overcome the concerns.
• Develop a mini policy to address the issues between the doctors and the organization.

Guided Response: Respond to at least two of your classmates’ posts by Day 7. A substantive response is respectful, professional, unique, highlights the key points you have learned, adds your content knowledge,

Understanding the responsibility and concerns of healthcare is important in creating policies that leadership can use to streamline success. If strategic leadership is not realized over time,  healthcare organizations’ political influences may face challenges and create public disinterestedness in health policies.  These issues create restrictions  on the healthcare organization’s ability to meet its financial budget, gain community’s trust and involvement, and secure  political influence(s). This negatively impacts the overall performance of the healthcare organization. The ideas of process innovation, risk taking, health building analysis, and governance greatly impacts “sense-making” for those being led. These ideas bring understanding to the role of governance in the organization. Review the case study “Australian Surgery Indicator Makes the Front Page” in Chapter 15 of your textbook and discuss the following questions in a minimum of 250 words:

• After your review, do the conclusions you draw from the case justify the headline? Why or why not?
• Discuss the indications found in Table 15-1 and their effect on the health care organizations efficiency in elective surgery.
• Evaluate the avoidable rate of canceled surgeries and develop an implementation plan to overcome the concerns.
• Develop a mini policy to address the issues between the doctors and the organization.

Guided Response: Respond to at least two of your classmates’ posts by Day 7. A substantive response is respectful, professional, unique, highlights the key points you have learned, adds your content knowledge, compares and contrasts, provides further research, is topic-related, and is at least five sentences in length.

You are in the midst of preparing the departmental budget for the year. The next portion of the budget is the coding staff development budget.  You currently have five coders in your department.

In a word document prepare the following:

1. A staff development plan for the coding staff for the coming year.
2. A budget for staff development.

1. A. First step of this assignment is to assess the needs of your staff:

• What resources will go for staying current with the new code changes, rules and guidelines?
• What continuing education will keep staff current on the latest procedures and techniques done within your facility that may impact coding?
• What resources will go training based on the feedback from the last peer-to-peer audit and also the last external audit.
• What professional development do your coders need or want in the areas of topics like HIM, electronic health records, general computer skills, or supervisory or interpersonal skills.

Develop a prioritized list of what training is needed for your coding staff. Look at the training opportunities that may be available at low cost or no cost. D. Also consider the amount of time the coders will be away from their production responsibilities while attending these training events. Will your accounts receivable be impacted if all the coders are out at a two-day conference? Will you have to replace their productivity with temporary staff?

Prior-year Expenditures Budget vs. Actual Coding Area
Item	Budget Amount	Amount Spent
Supplies	$1,200	$1,000
Travel	$2,000	$2,500
Conference Fees	$1,000	$1,200
Membership Dues	$750	$600
Subscriptions	$350	$325
Equipment	$5,000	$3,000

1. Analyze which area/areas have variances and their proposals for correcting this in the future.
2. Along with each variance calculation, prepare a brief report justifying why there may be a variance.

Assignment is due tomorrow. Each discussion answer must be a minimum of 400 words. Please read the instructions and send handshake with YOUR fee.

#1

Identify and discuss the key tenets of quantitative research methods used in research in criminal justice:

• What do you see as the most critical aspects of quantitative research methods?
• How do these key tenets of quantitative research assist us when evaluating criminal justice data?
• How do these key tenets contribute to successfully interpreting published research findings?
• How would you apply these tenets to answer a criminal justice research question?

#2

Creswell identifies six steps critical to the construction of a quantitative research proposal (I have included the 6 steps from the textbook below). Discuss the six steps of the critical aspects of data analysis and interpretation identified by Creswell:

• What are the six steps and why are they essential?
• How do these steps assist us when evaluating criminal justice data?
• How do these steps contribute to successfully interpreting published research findings?
• How would you apply these steps to answer a criminal justice research question?

Step 1. Report information about the number of members of the sample who did and did not return the survey. A table with numbers and percentages describing respondents and nonrespondents is a useful tool to present this information.

 

Step 2. Discuss the method by which response bias will be determined. Response bias is the effect of nonresponses on survey estimates (Fowler, 2009). Bias means that if nonrespondents had responded, their responses would have substantially changed the overall results. Mention the procedures used to check for response bias, such as wave analysis or a respondent/nonrespondent analysis. In wave analysis, the researcher examines returns on select items week by week to determine if average responses change (Leslie, 1972). Based on the assumption that those who return surveys in the final weeks of the response period are nearly all nonrespondents, if the responses begin to change, a potential exists for response bias. An alternative check for response bias is to contact a few nonrespondents by phone and determine if their responses differ substantially from respondents. This constitutes a respondent-nonrespondent check for response bias.

 

Step 3. Discuss a plan to provide a descriptive analysis of data for all independent and dependent variables in the study. This analysis should indicate the means, standard deviations, and range of scores for these variables. In some quantitative projects, the analysis stops here with descriptive analysis, especially if the number of participants is too small for more advanced, inferential analysis.

 

Step 4. Assuming that you proceed beyond descriptive approaches, if the proposal contains an instrument with scales or a plan to develop scales (combining items into scales), identify the statistical procedure (i.e., factor analysis) for accomplishing this. Also mention reliability checks for the internal consistency of the scales (i.e., the Cronbach alpha statistic).

 

Step 5. Identify the statistics and the statistical computer program for testing the major inferential research questions or hypotheses in the proposed study. The inferential questions or hypotheses relate variables or compare groups in terms of variables so that inferences can be drawn from the sample to a population. Provide a rationale for the choice of statistical test and mention the assumptions associated with the statistic. As shown in Table 8.3, base this choice on the nature of the research question (e.g., relating variables or comparing groups as the most popular), the number of independent and dependent variables, and the number of variables controlled (e.g., see Rudestam & Newton, 2007). Further, consider whether the variables will be measured on an instrument as a continuous score (e.g., age from 18 to 36) or as a categorical score (e.g., women = 1, men = 2). Finally, consider whether the scores from the sample might be normally distributed in a bell-shaped curve if plotted out on a graph or non-normally distributed. There are additional ways to determine if the scores are normally distributed (see Creswell, 2012). These factors, in combination, enable a researcher to determine what statistical test will be suited for answering the research question or hypothesis. In Table 8.3, I show how the factors, in combination, lead to the selection of a number of common statistical tests. For further types of statistical tests, readers are referred to statistics methods books, such as Gravetter and Wallnau (2009).

 

Step 6. A final step in the data analysis is to present the results in tables or figures and interpret the results from the statistical test. An interpretation in quantitative research means that the researcher draws conclusions from the results for the research questions, hypotheses, and the larger meaning of the results. This interpretation involves several steps.

Assignment is due tomorrow. Each discussion answer must be a minimum of 400 words. Please read the instructions and send handshake with YOUR fee.

#1

Identify and discuss the key tenets of quantitative research methods used in research in criminal justice:

• What do you see as the most critical aspects of quantitative research methods?
• How do these key tenets of quantitative research assist us when evaluating criminal justice data?
• How do these key tenets contribute to successfully interpreting published research findings?
• How would you apply these tenets to answer a criminal justice research question?

#2

Creswell identifies six steps critical to the construction of a quantitative research proposal (I have included the 6 steps from the textbook below). Discuss the six steps of the critical aspects of data analysis and interpretation identified by Creswell:

• What are the six steps and why are they essential?
• How do these steps assist us when evaluating criminal justice data?
• How do these steps contribute to successfully interpreting published research findings?
• How would you apply these steps to answer a criminal justice research question?

Step 1. Report information about the number of members of the sample who did and did not return the survey. A table with numbers and percentages describing respondents and nonrespondents is a useful tool to present this information.

 

Step 2. Discuss the method by which response bias will be determined. Response bias is the effect of nonresponses on survey estimates (Fowler, 2009). Bias means that if nonrespondents had responded, their responses would have substantially changed the overall results. Mention the procedures used to check for response bias, such as wave analysis or a respondent/nonrespondent analysis. In wave analysis, the researcher examines returns on select items week by week to determine if average responses change (Leslie, 1972). Based on the assumption that those who return surveys in the final weeks of the response period are nearly all nonrespondents, if the responses begin to change, a potential exists for response bias. An alternative check for response bias is to contact a few nonrespondents by phone and determine if their responses differ substantially from respondents. This constitutes a respondent-nonrespondent check for response bias.

 

Step 3. Discuss a plan to provide a descriptive analysis of data for all independent and dependent variables in the study. This analysis should indicate the means, standard deviations, and range of scores for these variables. In some quantitative projects, the analysis stops here with descriptive analysis, especially if the number of participants is too small for more advanced, inferential analysis.

 

Step 4. Assuming that you proceed beyond descriptive approaches, if the proposal contains an instrument with scales or a plan to develop scales (combining items into scales), identify the statistical procedure (i.e., factor analysis) for accomplishing this. Also mention reliability checks for the internal consistency of the scales (i.e., the Cronbach alpha statistic).

 

Step 5. Identify the statistics and the statistical computer program for testing the major inferential research questions or hypotheses in the proposed study. The inferential questions or hypotheses relate variables or compare groups in terms of variables so that inferences can be drawn from the sample to a population. Provide a rationale for the choice of statistical test and mention the assumptions associated with the statistic. As shown in Table 8.3, base this choice on the nature of the research question (e.g., relating variables or comparing groups as the most popular), the number of independent and dependent variables, and the number of variables controlled (e.g., see Rudestam & Newton, 2007). Further, consider whether the variables will be measured on an instrument as a continuous score (e.g., age from 18 to 36) or as a categorical score (e.g., women = 1, men = 2). Finally, consider whether the scores from the sample might be normally distributed in a bell-shaped curve if plotted out on a graph or non-normally distributed. There are additional ways to determine if the scores are normally distributed (see Creswell, 2012). These factors, in combination, enable a researcher to determine what statistical test will be suited for answering the research question or hypothesis. In Table 8.3, I show how the factors, in combination, lead to the selection of a number of common statistical tests. For further types of statistical tests, readers are referred to statistics methods books, such as Gravetter and Wallnau (2009).

 

Step 6. A final step in the data analysis is to present the results in tables or figures and interpret the results from the statistical test. An interpretation in quantitative research means that the researcher draws conclusions from the results for the research questions, hypotheses, and the larger meaning of the results. This interpretation involves several steps.