Author: chris

orce-Field Analysis

 

Describe the concept of force-field analysis and the forces that either drive or restrain the change process. Using the force-field analysis model, discuss a change initiative that you are familiar with, and define the key driving forces and key restraining forces that impact the change.

 

Your paper should be three to four pages in length (excluding the title and reference pages). Your paper must be formatted according to APA style as outlined in the Ashford Writing Center, and it must include in-text citations and references for at least two scholarly sources from the Ashford University Library, in addition to the course text.

 

In a three page paper (excluding the title and reference pages), reflect on an important professional change that you have experienced. Compare your change story to one of the stories from the beginning of Chapter 1 of the text. Answer the following questions and support your thoughts with at least two scholarly sources.

In your paper you must:

• Describe your change story and the one selected from Chapter 1 of the text.
• Discuss the common issues and lessons present in both stories.
• Identify and discuss the embedded lesson found in the four change stories of Chapter 1.
• Describe how you might use the lessons as a solutions template during future change strategies.

Your paper should include in-text citations and references for at least two scholarly sources, in addition to the course text, and it should be formatted according to APA style. Discuss each point by using subject headers (short subject headers)

compare your change story to one of the stories from ch 1 that is at the beginning of

7.) A sample of 80 women is obtained and their heights (in Inches) and pulse rates (in beats per min.) are measured. the linear correlation coefficient is 0.202 and the equation of the regression line is y=17.6 + 0.940x where x represents height. the mean of 80 heights is 63.6 in. and the mean of the 80 pulse rates is 73.3 beats per min. find the best predicted pulse rate of a women who is 67 in. tall use a significance level of a=0.01

16.) (show Work) The eruption height and the time interval after eruption of a geyser were measured and are shown below.

Height 120, 135, 130, 160, 140, 130, 150, 135

Interval after 75, 82, 104, 97, 60, 104, 102, 111

(a) Find the value of the linear correlation coefficient r

(b) Find the critical values of r form the table drawing the critical values for the Pearson correlation coefficient using a=0.05. the critical values are

(c) Is there sufficient evidence to conclude that there is a linear correlation between the two variables

deviation of 2.3in. use the traditional method and a 0.01 significance level to test the claim that supermodels have heights with a mean that is greater than the mean of 63.6 in. for women from the general population

15.) (show Work) the heights were measured for nine supermodels they have a mean of 68.6 in. and a standard

14.) (show Work) A clinical trail tests a method designed to increase the probability of conceiving a girl. In the study 354 babies were born and 200 of them were girls. Use the sample data with a 0.01 significance level to test the claim that with this method the probability of a baby being a girl is greater than 0.5. use this information to answer the following questions

(a) Which of the following is the hypothesis tests to be conducted

(b) What is the test statistic z=____

(c) what is the p-value

(d) what is the conclusion

(e) does the method appear to be effective?

13.) Identify the type 1 error and the type 2 error that corresponds to the given hypothesis, the percentage of adults who have a job is less than 88%

11.) Using the simple random of weights of women form a data set we obtain these sample statistics n=40 and x=154.21lb. Research from other sources suggests that the population of weights of women has a standard deviation given by o=31.01lb.

(a) Find the best point estimate of the mean weight of all women

(b) Find a 99% confidence interval estimate of the mean weight of all women.

10.) (how work)(a) with n=14 and p=0.7 find the binomial probability p(9) by using the binomial probability table

(b) if np?5 and nq?5 also estimate the indicated probability by using the normal distribution as an approximation to the binomial of np<5 or nq<5 then state that the normal approximation cannot be used

8.) Assume that thermometer readings are normally distribution with a mean of 0 degrees Celsius and a standard deviation of 1.00 degrees Celsius a thermometer is randomly selected and tested

Find the probability of the reading between -1.13 and 1.87

7.) A brand name has a 40% recognition rate. If the owner of the brand wants to verify that rate by beginning with a small sample of 15 randomly selected consumers find the probability that exactly 6 of the 15 consumers recognize the brand name also find the probability that th

A pharmaceutical company tested two new flu vaccines intended to boost immunity. In order to test the effectiveness of this drug, a one year study was done were at the beggining of the year three groups of eight individuals were given either Flu Shot 1, Flu Shot 2, or a placebo (a shot with only saline and no vaccine). The number of sick days from work each individual took was carefully recorded over the following year. Both flu shots were found to be completely safe with no side effects, but differed in terms of effectiveness. The data below gives the number of sick days for the individuals in each of the three groups.Perform a one-way ANOVA analysis, testing at the 0.05 level. Also, calculate the mean number of sick days for each group. Describe results. But equally important, also explain what you would do if you owned your own company. Would you pay for your employers to receive Flu Shot 1 or Flu Shot 2 in order to keep their number of sick days down? If so, which one would you choose? Would you choose either vaccine only if it was very cheap or would you be willing to invest a lot into the vaccine for your employees? Explain your reasoning.Placebo74686629Flu Shot

Dwelling is experiencing an increasing need for dialogue by phone and is continuallyworking on assessment of staffing. Assumingthat the number of phonecalls is Poissondistributed with mean of 10 calls per.30 minutes.

 

2.1

Determine the probability of more than 12 calls in the course of 30 minutes.

 

2.2

Determine the probability of between 15 and 25 (bothinclusive). Calls during an hour.

 

Dwelling’s website is under continuousimprovement, and for this purpose, usersareable to evaluate the website on a continuousscale from 0-100, where 100 is the best (assessmentindex).

 

The management of Dwellingconsider it unacceptableif the average assessmentindex is below 75

 

During the pastweek, 20 customersrated website. The resultsareshown in Table 1

Table 1 evaluationindex from 20 randomlyselectedusers of the website.

 

74	84	72	65
69	65	67	73
77	74	66	73
82	81	71	76
81	70	72	74

 

Assumingthese 20 assessmentscanbeconsidered a random sample, pleasereplybelow.

 

2.3

Check ifvurdingsindeksetcanbeassumed to follow a normal distribution.

 

2.4

Based on youranswer to question 2.3 please test at the 5% level on the average assessmentindex is below 75

 

Due Week 3 and worth 110 points

Many organizations have now adopted or begun to offer cloud computing. This type of computing has advantages and disadvantages that may vary from organization to organization.

Select two (2) organizations in which you are interested, and use the Internet and Strayer Library to research the advantages and disadvantages of cloud computing for the selected organizations. Use the Internet to research the characteristics of organizations most likely to use cloud computing.

Write a three to four (3-4) page paper in which you:

1. Determine whether or not there are definite characteristics of organizations that are more likely to use cloud computing than other organizations. Provide a rationale for your response.
2. Examine the major advantages and disadvantages of cloud computing for the two (2) selected organizations. Recommend whether or not each of the selected companies should use cloud computing. Provide a rationale for your response.
3. Determine whether or not government agencies such as the National Security Agency (NSA) or Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) would be good candidates for cloud computing. Provide a rationale for your response.
4. Use at least three (3) quality resources in this assignment. Note: Wikipedia and similar Websites do not qualify as quality resources.

Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:

• Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
• Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required

Due Week 3 and worth 110 points

Many organizations have now adopted or begun to offer cloud computing. This type of computing has advantages and disadvantages that may vary from organization to organization.

Select two (2) organizations in which you are interested, and use the Internet and Strayer Library to research the advantages and disadvantages of cloud computing for the selected organizations. Use the Internet to research the characteristics of organizations most likely to use cloud computing.

Write a three t

1. Determine whether or not there are definite characteristics of organizations that are more likely to use cloud computing than other organizations. Provide a rationale for your response.

o four (3-4) page paper in which you:

1. Examine the major advantages and disadvantages of cloud computing for the two (2) selected organizations. Recommend whether or not each of the selected companies should use cloud computing. Provide a rationale for your response.
2. Determine whether or not government agencies such as the National Security Agency (NSA) or Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) would be good candidates for cloud computing. Provide a rationale for your response.
3. Use at least three (3) quality resources in this assignment. Note: Wikipedia and similar Websites do not qualify as quality resources.

Your assignment must follow these formatting requirements:

• Be typed, double spaced, using Times New Roman font (size 12), with one-inch margins on all sides; citations and references must follow APA or school-specific format. Check with your professor for any additional instructions.
• Include a cover page containing the title of the assignment, the student’s name, the professor’s name, the course title, and the date. The cover page and the reference page are not included in the required

. a.A repeated-measures study with a sample of n=25 participants produces a mean difference of M_D=3 with a standard deviation of s=4. Based on the mean and standard deviation, you should be able to visualize (or sketch) the sample distribution. Use a two-tailed hypothesis test with? =.05 to determine whether it is likely that this sample came from a population with ?_D=0.

b.Now assume that the sample standard deviation is s=12, and once again visualize the sample distribution. Use a two-tailed hypothesis test with? =.05 to determine whether it is likely that this sample came from a population with ?_D=0.

c. Explain how the size of the sample standard deviation influences the likelihood of finding a significant mean difference.

8.A sample of difference scores from a repeated-measures experiment has a mean of M_D=4 with a standard deviation of s=6.

a.If n=4, is this sample sufficient to reject the null hypothesis using a two-tailed test with? =.05?

b.Would you reject H₀if n=16? Again, assume a two-tailed test with? =.05.

c.Explain how the size of the sample influences the likelihood of finding a significant mean difference.

10.Research has shown that losing even one night’s sleep can have a significant effect on performance of complex tasks such as problem solving (Linde & Bergstroem, 1992). To demonstrate this phenomenon, a sample of n=25 college students was given a problem-solving task at noon on one day and again at noon on the following day. The students were not permitted any sleep between the two tests. For each student, the difference between the first and second score was recorded. For this sample, the students averaged M_D=4.7 points better on the first test with a variance ofs₂=64 for the difference scores.

a.Do the data indicate a significant change in problem solving ability? Use a two-tailed test with? =.05.

b.Compute an estimated Cohen’s dto measure the size of the effect.

12.How would you react to doing much worse on an exam than you expected? There is some evidence to suggest that most individuals believe that they can cope with this kind of problem better than their fellow students (Igou, 2008). In the study, participants read a scenario of a negative event and were asked to use a 10-point scale to rate how it would affect their immediate well-being (-5 strongly worsen to+5 strongly improve). Then they were asked to imagine the event from the perspective of an ordinary fellow student and rate how it would affect that person. The difference between the two ratings was recorded. Suppose that a sample of n=25 participants produced a mean difference of M_D= 1.28 points (self rated higher) with a standard deviation of s=1.50 for the difference scores.

a.Is this result sufficient to conclude that there is a significant difference in the ratings for self versus others? Use a two-tailed test with

? =.05.

b.Compute r²and estimate Cohen’s dto measure the size of the treatment effect.

c.Write a sentence describing the outcome of the hypothesis test and the measure of effect size as it would appear in a research report.

 

14.Researchers have noted a decline in cognitive functioning as people age (Bartus, 1990). However, the results from other research suggest

that the antioxidants in foods such as blueberries may reduce and even reverse these age-related declines (Joseph et al., 1999). To examine this phenomenon, suppose that a researcher obtains a sample of n=16 adults who are between the ages of 65 and 75. The researcher uses a standardized test to measure cognitive performance for each individual. The participants then begin a 2-month program in which they receive daily doses of a blueberry supplement. At the end of the 2-month period, the researcher again measures cognitive performance for each participant. The results show an average increase in performance of M_D=7.4 with SS=1215.

a.Does this result support the conclusion that the antioxidant supplement has a significant effect on cognitive performance? Use a two-tailed test with? =.05.

b.Construct a 95% confidence interval to estimate the average cognitive performance improvement for the population of older adults.

16.A researcher for a cereal company wanted to demonstrate the health benefits of eating oatmeal. A sample of 9 volunteers was obtained and each participant ate a fixed diet without any oatmeal for 30 days. At the end of the 30-day period, cholesterol was measured for each

the two scores for each participant. For this sample, cholesterol scores averaged M_D=16 points lower with the oatmeal diet with SS=538 for

the difference scores.

a.Are the data sufficient to indicate a significant change in cholesterol level? Use a two-tailed test with? =.01.

b.Compute r²,the percentage of variance accounted for by the treatment, to measure the size of the treatment effect.

c.Write a sentence describing the outcome of the hypothesis test and the measure of effect size as it would appear in a research report.

individual. Then the participants began a second 30-day period in which they repeated exactly the same diet except that they added 2 cups of

oatmeal each day. After the second 30-day period, cholesterol levels were measured again and the researcher recorded the difference between

18.One of the primary advantages of a repeated-measures design, compared to independent-measures, is that it reduces the overall variability by removing variance caused by individual differences. The following data are from a research study comparing two treatment conditions.

a.Assume that the data are from an independent measures study using two separate samples, each with n=6 participants. Compute the pooled variance and the estimated standard error for the mean difference.

b.Now assume that the data are from a repeated measures study using the same sample of n=6 participants in both treatment conditions. Compute the variance for the sample of difference scores and the estimated standard error for the mean difference. (You should find that the repeated measures design substantially reduces the variance and the standard error.)

Treatment 1 Treatment 2 Difference

10 13 3

12 12 0

8 10 2

6 10 4

5 6 1

7 9 2

M=8 M=10 M_D=2

SS=34 SS=30 SS =10

20.A researcher uses a matched-subjects design to investigate whether single people who own pets are generally happier than singles without pets. A mood inventory questionnaire is administered to a group of 20- to 29-year-old non–pet owners and a similar age group of pet owners.

follows:

Matched Non–Pet Pet

Pair Owner Owner

A 12 14

B 8 7

C 10 13

D 9 9

E 7 13

F 10 12

a.Is there a significant difference in the mood scores for non–pet owners versus pet owners? Test with? =.05 for two tails.

b.Construct the 95% confidence interval to estimate the size of the mean difference in mood between the population of pet owners and the population of non–pet owners. (You should find that a mean difference ofµ_D=0 is an acceptable value, which is consistent with the conclusion from the hypothesis test.)

22.The teacher from the previous problem also tried a different approach to answering the question of whether changing answers helps or hurts exam grades. In a separate class, students were encouraged to review their final exams and change any answers they wanted to before turning in their papers. However, the students had to indicate both the original answer and the changed answer for each question. The teacher then graded each exam twice, one using the set of original answers and once with the changes. In the class of n= 22 students, the average exam score improved by an average of M_D=2.5 points with the changed answers. The standard deviation for the difference scores was s=3.1. Are the data sufficient to conclude that rethinking and changing answers can significantly improve exam scores? Use a one-tailed test at the .01 level of significance.

24.The Preview section of this chapter presented a repeated-measures research study demonstrating that swearing can help reduce pain (Stephens, Atkins, & Kingston, 2009). In the study, each participant was asked to plunge a hand into icy water and keep it there as long as the pain would allow. In one condition, the participants repeated their favorite curse words while their hands were in the water. In the other condition, the participants repeated a neutral word. Data similar to the results obtained in the study are shown in the following table.

a.Do these data indicate a significant difference in pain tolerance between the two conditions? Use a two-tailed test with? =.05.

b.Compute r², the percentage of variance accounted for, to measure the size of the treatment effect.

c.Write a sentence demonstrating how the results of the hypothesis test and the measure of effect size would appear in a research report.

Amount of Time (in Seconds)

Participant Swear Words Neutral Words

. a.A repeated-measures study with a sample of n=25 participants produces a mean difference of M_D=3 with a standard deviation of s=4. Based on the mean and standard deviation, you should be able to visualize (or sketch) the sample distribution. Use a two-tailed hypothesis test with? =.05 to determine whether it is likely that this sample came from a population with ?_D=0.

b.Now assume that the sample standard deviation is s=12, and once again visualize the sample distribution. Use a two-tailed hypothesis test with? =.05 to determine whether it is likely that this sample came from a population with ?_D=0.

c. Explain how the size of the sample standard deviation influences the likelihood of finding a significant mean difference.

8.A sample of difference scores from a repeated-measures experiment has a mean of M_D=4 with a standard deviation of s=6.

a.If n=4, is this sample sufficient to reject the null hypothesis using a two-tailed test with? =.05?

b.Would you reject H₀if n=16? Again, assume a two-tailed test with? =.05.

c.Explain how the size of the sample influences the likelihood of finding a significant mean difference.

10.Research has shown that losing even one night’s sleep can have a significant effect on performance of complex tasks such as problem solving (Linde & Bergstroem, 1992). To demonstrate this phenomenon, a sample of n=25 college students was given a problem-solving task at noon on one day and again at noon on the following day. The students were not permitted any sleep between the two tests. For each student, the difference between the first and second score was recorded. For this sample, the students averaged M_D=4.7 points better on the first test with a variance ofs₂=64 for the difference scores.

a.Do the data indicate a significant change in problem solving ability? Use a two-tailed test with? =.05.

b.Compute an estimated Cohen’s dto measure the size of the effect.

12.How would you react to doing much worse on an exam than you expected? There is some evidence to suggest that most individuals believe that they can cope with this kind of problem better than their fellow students (Igou, 2008). In the study, participants read a scenario of a negative event and were asked to use a 10-point scale to rate how it would affect their immediate well-being (-5 strongly worsen to+5 strongly improve). Then they were asked to imagine the event from the perspective of an ordinary fellow student and rate how it would affect that person. The difference between the two ratings was recorded. Suppose that a sample of n=25 participants produced a mean difference of M_D= 1.28 points (self rated higher) with a standard deviation of s=1.50 for the difference scores.

a.Is this result sufficient to conclude that there is a significant difference in the ratings for self versus others? Use a two-tailed test with

? =.05.

b.Compute r²and estimate Cohen’s dto measure the size of the treatment effect.

c.Write a sentence describing the outcome of the hypothesis test and the measure of effect size as it would appear in a research report.

 

14.Researchers have noted a decline in cognitive functioning as people age (Bartus, 1990). However, the results from other research suggest

that the antioxidants in foods such as blueberries may reduce and even reverse these age-related declines (Joseph et al., 1999). To examine this phenomenon, suppose that a researcher obtains a sample of n=16 adults who are between the ages of 65 and 75. The researcher uses a standardized test to measure cognitive performance for each individual. The participants then begin a 2-month program in which they receive daily doses of a blueberry supplement. At the end of the 2-month period, the researcher again measures cognitive performance for each participant. The results show an average increase in performance of M_D=7.4 with SS=1215.

a.Does this result support the conclusion that the antioxidant supplement has a significant effect on cognitive performance? Use a two-tailed test with? =.05.

b.Construct a 95% confidence interval to estimate the average cognitive performance improvement for the population of older adults.

16.A researcher for a cereal company wanted to demonstrate the health benefits of eating oatmeal. A sample of 9 volunteers was obtained and each participant ate a fixed diet without any oatmeal for 30 days. At the end of the 30-day period, cholesterol was measured for each

the two scores for each participant. For this sample, cholesterol scores averaged M_D=16 points lower with the oatmeal diet with SS=538 for

the difference scores.

a.Are the data sufficient to indicate a significant change in cholesterol level? Use a two-tailed test with? =.01.

b.Compute r²,the percentage of variance accounted for by the treatment, to measure the size of the treatment effect.

c.Write a sentence describing the outcome of the hypothesis test and the measure of effect size as it would appear in a research report.

individual. Then the participants began a second 30-day period in which they repeated exactly the same diet except that they added 2 cups of

oatmeal each day. After the second 30-day period, cholesterol levels were measured again and the researcher recorded the difference between

18.One of the primary advantages of a repeated-measures design, compared to independent-measures, is that it reduces the overall variability by removing variance caused by individual differences. The following data are from a research study comparing two treatment conditions.

a.Assume that the data are from an independent measures study using two separate samples, each with n=6 participants. Compute the pooled variance and the estimated standard error for the mean difference.

b.Now assume that the data are from a repeated measures study using the same sample of n=6 participants in both treatment conditions. Compute the variance for the sample of difference scores and the estimated standard error for the mean difference. (You should find that the repeated measures design substantially reduces the variance and the standard error.)

Treatment 1 Treatment 2 Difference

10 13 3

12 12 0

8 10 2

6 10 4

5 6 1

7 9 2

M=8 M=10 M_D=2

SS=34 SS=30 SS =10

20.A researcher uses a matched-subjects design to investigate whether single people who own pets are generally happier than singles without pets. A mood inventory questionnaire is administered to a group of 20- to 29-year-old non–pet owners and a similar age group of pet owners.

follows:

Matched Non–Pet Pet

Pair Owner Owner

A 12 14

B 8 7

C 10 13

D 9 9

E 7 13

F 10 12

a.Is there a significant difference in the mood scores for non–pet owners versus pet owners? Test with? =.05 for two tails.

b.Construct the 95% confidence interval to estimate the size of the mean difference in mood between the population of pet owners and the population of non–pet owners. (You should find that a mean difference ofµ_D=0 is an acceptable value, which is consistent with the conclusion from the hypothesis test.)

22.The teacher from the previous problem also tried a different approach to answering the question of whether changing answers helps or hurts exam grades. In a separate class, students were encouraged to review their final exams and change any answers they wanted to before turning in their papers. However, the students had to indicate both the original answer and the changed answer for each question. The teacher then graded each exam twice, one using the set of original answers and once with the changes. In the class of n= 22 students, the average exam score improved by an average of M_D=2.5 points with the changed answers. The standard deviation for the difference scores was s=3.1. Are the data sufficient to conclude that rethinking and changing answers can significantly improve exam scores? Use a one-tailed test at the .01 level of significance.

24.The Preview section of this chapter presented a repeated-measures research study demonstrating that swearing can help reduce pain (Stephens, Atkins, & Kingston, 2009). In the study, each participant was asked to plunge a hand into icy water and keep it there as long as the pain would allow. In one condition, the participants repeated their favorite curse words while their hands were in the water. In the other condition, the participants repeated a neutral word. Data similar to the results obtained in the study are shown in the following table.

a.Do these data indicate a significant difference in pain tolerance between the two conditions? Use a two-tailed test with? =.05.

b.Compute r², the percentage of variance accounted for, to measure the size of the treatment effect.

c.Write a sentence demonstrating how the results of the hypothesis test and the measure of effect size would appear in a research report.

Amount of Time (in Seconds)

Participant Swear Words Neutral Words

Compare and contrast the Roman Empire with the modern-day United States.  The Roman Empire often used “soft power” (ie its culture, laws, social norms, living conditions, etc) as a means of controlling the areas they conquered.  For example, Roman laws were far more appealing (jury trial, double jeopardy, etc) than tribal laws (which included such things as fights to the death to determine the guilty party).  Is the United States an empire?  How do we compare to the Roman Empire?

APPROX 150 words

due no later than 15 hours from posting of this question just a discussion board question.