1. In book one of Homer’s Iliad, Athena intervened in the argument between Agamemnon and Achilles. Achilles was extremely infuriated with Agamemnon because he wanted to take Briseis for himself when he was forced to send Chryseis back to her father. Achilles was standing with his sword drawn, prepared to take down Agamemnon, when Athena appeared and tried to calm him down and make him rethink his decisions. After some wise advice from Athena, Achilles eventually withdrew his sword and the duel was prevented.
2. When Diomedes was wounded by Pandarus, he asks Athena for revenge and she grants him superhuman strength and powers to take down gods when in battle. The only catch was that he wasn’t allowed to attack any god other than Aphrodite. Diomedes ended up wounding Aphrodite, and he also wounded Apollo which violated his agreements with Athena. This act basically made the gods go at war with each other. They each wanted a certain side to win, so when Diomedes broke his agreement with Athena, Apollo convinced Ares, the god of war, to fight on the Trojan side in revenge against him. That’s when the Trojans were winning the war, until Hera and Athena asked Zeus if they could partake in the war on the Greeks behalf. That’s when Athena said to forget about their agreement, and her and Diomedes went after the gods together. Eventually Ares gets wounded by Diomedes as well. Basically Homer was showing how easy it was for the gods to go against each other in battle and they all have their beliefs that cause tension between them all.
3. The ritual that took place in lines 269-285 was to go to Athena’s temples to get people with things that they wanted to sacrifice, along with the loveliest robe in the house. Then they are to lay these down and promise to dedicate cows as well as other things, but only if they will have pity on the town and people of Troy and tell everyone to back down from the war. Another ritual that is performed by the Greeks during their siege of Troy is when Odysseus Is told to make a sacrifice to Apollo to cure the plague that was asked by Chryses to be sent upon the Greeks in order to get his daughter back.
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