| Functional Health Pattern Assessment (FHP)
|
Toddler
Erickson’s Developmental Stage:
|
Preschool-Aged
Erickson’s Developmental Stage:
|
School-Aged
Erickson’s Developmental Stage:
|
| Pattern of Health Perception and Health Management:
List two normal assessment findings that would be characteristic for each age group.
List two potential problems that a nurse may discover in an assessment of each age group.
|
- Toddlers can develop trust or mistrust in their parents.
- Toddlers rely on their caregivers for comfort and protection
|
- Children begin to explore their surroundings.
- Children begin to develop interests in various activities.
|
- Children continue to become more aware of themselves as individuals.
- They also understand more about their environment e.g time and space.
- The toddler lacks trust due to abandonment from care givers.
- Children lag in development meant for their stages.
|
|
- Lack of interest in activities common among preschoolers.
- Withdrawal and isolation from other peers.
- Slow in learning school work.
- Some children may have self-esteem issues due to early developmental problems.
|
|
| Nutritional-Metabolic Pattern:
List two normal assessment findings that would be characteristic for each age group.
List two potential problems that a nurse may discover in an assessment of each age group. |
- Children at this stage are fed with soft foods.
- They eat little amounts but several meals in a day.
|
- They become capable of eating a wider variety of foods since they are developing.
- Children add eat more quotients of foods since they become more active.
- Children may begin to be selective on what they are eating.
- A nurse will realize children have different perception about nutrition.
- Malnutrition disorders due to lack of proper feeding.
- Slowness in physical development due to malnutrition.
|
|
|
- Difficulties in eating due to lack of appetite.
- A significant priority in snacks rather than nutritious foods.
- Nutritional disorders such as anorexia and obesity.
- Lack of confidence caused by nutritional problems.
|
|
| Pattern of Elimination:
List two normal assessment findings that would be characteristic for each age group.
List two potential problems that a nurse may discover in an assessment of each age group. |
- Toddlers will detach from negligent people.
- The process of elimination may be gradual.
|
- They also carry out elimination process gradually.
- Some may take too long or too fast.
|
- Since they have self awareness, they choose what and how to eliminate.
- Elimination pattern might be influenced by guardians.
- Some toddlers might take too long before they implement elimination process.
- Not all toddlers will eliminate people who are negligent to them.
|
|
- Some children might not have eliminated some things due to lack of influence.
- Other will experience a slow process in eliminating some things due to lack of motivation.
- Some children might be reluctant to eliminate some things they are supposed to.
- Due to lack of an effective elimination pattern, development is negatively affected.
|
|
| Pattern of Activity and Exercise:
List two normal assessment findings that would be characteristic for each age group.
List two potential problems that a nurse may discover in an assessment of each age group. |
- Toddlers begin movements such as walking on their own.
- Activities and exercises are characterized with injuries.
|
- Children learn games and how to play with toys.
- Parents or caregivers participate in the activities of these children.
- Children participate in sports and may develop a pattern of daily exercise.
- Most of these children develop interest in one specific sport or activity and concentrate on it.
|
|
- Late locomotion development that might be due to poor nutrition.
- Resistance in learning activities due to mistrust.
|
- Lack of interest in playing with peers.
- Slow learning of common activities such as using the bathroom on their own.
- Lack of interest in social activities due to self-esteem issues.
- Poor academic performance due to lack of healthy social activities.
|
|
| Cognitive/Perceptual Pattern:
List two normal assessment findings that would be characteristic for each age group.
List two potential problems that a nurse may discover in an assessment of each age group. |
- Toddlers express innocent behavior in what they do. For instance, crying when hungry.
- They express a certain level of curiosity leading them to do wrong and dangerous things.
|
- Children learn more activities such as talking, using bathroom and eating on their own.
- They develop more interest in their environment hence; explore more (Jarvis, 2008).
- Develop more cognition and they can learn more in school.
- Children continue to understand their personality better and make more personal decisions.
- Dullness and lack of interest in toddler-related activities.
- Mistrust and lack of confidence.
|
|
|
- Lagging in developmental stages of this level.
- Withdrawal and isolation.
- Poor performance in academic work.
- Lack of interest in understanding their environment.
|
|
| Pattern of Sleep and Rest:
List two normal assessment findings that would be characteristic for each age group.
List two potential problems that a nurse may discover in an assessment of each age group. |
- Toddlers sleep for long hours during the day (Jarvis, 2008).
- A large number of them wake up once or severally during the night.
|
- Hours of sleep reduce during the day due to engagement in more activities.
- Majority of them take a nap especially in the afternoon.
- They only sleep at night since day time they are at school.
- They are capable of staying awake late at night or waking up early hours.
|
|
- Sleeping less hours if they have a problem such as illness.
- Toddlers could also sleep for long unusual hours if they are ill.
|
- Children at this age might be unable to rest due to a distractive environment.
- Lack of adequate rest and sleep will affect overall growth and development.
- Children can sleep unusually long hours if they are stressed.
- They could also be uneasy due to various problems they are experiencing.
|
|
| Pattern of Self-Perception and Self-Concept:
List two normal assessment findings that would be characteristic for each age group.
List two potential problems that a nurse may discover in an assessment of each age group. |
- Toddlers do not have much sense of self perception or concept.
- They will engage in any activity whether feminine or masculine.
|
- They begin to understand themselves more.
- They develop interest in certain activities such as subjects, sports or games.
- Children are conscious about their outward image.
- They take time to understand their interest and what they want.
|
|
- Expressing no sense of self perception and concept at all.
- Lack of interest in any activity.
|
- Passive life with no engagements.
- Lack interest in self perception (Jarvis, 2008).
|
- Lack of hobbies, friends or participation in social activities.
- Paying no attention to personal hygiene or outward expression.
|
| Role-Relationship Pattern:
List two normal assessment findings that would be characteristic for each age group.
List 2 potential problems that a nurse may discover in an assessment of each age group. |
- Toddlers trust their caregivers for protection and comfort.
- They will develop mistrust if they are neglected.
|
- They establish a close relationship with family members.
- They also begin to make friends.
|
- Children can be allocated duties at home.
- They are capable of establishing relationships with opposite gender.
|
- Neglected toddlers will distance themselves from people who try to be close to them.
- They develop relationship problem even in their later life.
|
- Difficulty in relating with family.
- Difficulties in following instructions from caregivers.
|
- Children might develop relationship problems at home, school and in the society.
- Resistance of taking up roles at home or school.
|
| Sexuality – Reproductive Pattern:
List two normal assessment findings that would be characteristic for each age group.
List two potential problems that a nurse may discover in an assessment of each age group. |
- They are not aware of their sexuality.
- They do not know their gender.
- They might be born as transgendered children.
- This issue will cause difficulties in determining actual sexuality
|
- Their characters become more defined.
- Regardless of the gender they interact freely.
- Some children might not have defined character as per their gender.
- Some might not understand exactly their gender.
- They become fully aware of their sexuality.
- Children begin to develop attraction to the opposite gender.
|
- A large number of children lack control of their sexuality and might engage in irresponsible actions.
- Sexuality is likely to make these children have wrong priorities.
|
|
|
|
| Pattern of Coping and Stress Tolerance:
List two normal assessment findings that would be characteristic for each age group.
List two potential problems that a nurse may discover in an assessment of each age group. |
- Toddlers cope by responding with crying.
- They could also cope by trusting or mistrusting caregivers, depending on their relationship.
|
- Children could cope by interacting with the environment (Jarvis, 2008).
- They can also cope by withdrawal and isolation.
|
- Children are likely to talk to people they trust about their stressors.
- They could also cope by engaging in fun activities.
|
- Toddlers cannot make a definite way of expressing apart from crying.
- In case of mistrust, this will affect the child’s development.
|
- Children at this stage might also suffer depression.
- If this happens, they will be unable to cope with the rest of activities in their lives.
- If unable to cope they can commit suicide.
- They might also suffer depression if they are unable to cope.
|
|
| Pattern of Value and Beliefs:
List two normal assessment findings that would be characteristic for each age group.
List two potential problems that a nurse may discover in an assessment of each age group. |
- Toddlers begin value and belief from the relationship with caregivers.
2.They believe and value their caregivers
|
- As these children grow they value and believe what their care givers tell them.
- The environment is also a determinant of their beliefs and values.
- They might choose what to believe and value and not necessary be influenced by others.
- Parents, teachers and the rest of society have a role in influencing what they value and believe.
|
|
|
- Difficulty in establishing values and beliefs of toddlers due to their tender age.
- They might be having mistrust due to negligence.
|
- Some children might have no values and negative beliefs due to environment.
- They are unable to distinguish between good and negative values or beliefs.
- They might choose negative beliefs and values regardless of their awareness.
- Some lack guidance in choosing what to believe and value.
|
|